Abstract: NAzyme activity surface plasmon resonance sensors include a first DNA probe that is covalently connected to a sensing surface, and a second DNA probe that is covalently connected to a nanoparticle or a nanoparticle cluster. The first DNA probe and the second DNA probe are ligated together to provide a selected single strand DNA probe connected to the sensing surface and the nanoparticle. The single strand DNA probe includes a ligation zone within a selected NAzyme substrate. The sensor measures DNAzyme activity by NAzyme binding at the NAzyme substrate and cleavage at the ligation zone. Fiber optic surface plasmon resonance sensor tips are adapted to measure activity of a NAzyme when the NAzyme substrate is recognized by the selected NAzyme through hybridization and the metallic nanoparticle is released from the sensor by cleavage of the single strand DNA at the ligation zone by the selected NAzyme.

Abstract: A method of DNAzyme activity in a fluid by a sensor that is manufactured as follows.

Abstract: A method for authorizing a program sequence provides, despite centralization and the associated high latency and optionally faulty communication, an undisturbed program sequence accompanied by protection of base functionalities. Data of the program sequence may be maintained in various provided states, and at least one instruction of the program sequence which accesses the data is maintained in different, functionally equivalent implementations. The set of the state indices of the provided states and the multiset form a directed acyclic (multi)graph, wherein the provided states form the nodes, and the implementations of the instruction form the edges and/or multiple edges, of the graph.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for authorizing a program sequence. Carrying out software authorization is basically known from the prior art, for example by inputting appropriate license keys, or in a recurring manner via challenge response protocols. Latency results in the program sequence when challenge response protocols are used. Furthermore, the use of external modules for the authorization represents a large outlay in materials, costs, and administrative effort. The object of the present invention, therefore, is to extend the known authorization methods in such a way that, despite centralization and the associated high latency and optionally faulty communication, an undisturbed program sequence is made possible, also with protection of base functionalities.

Abstract: A device for protecting against unauthorized use of software, characterized in that a first processor emulates a second processor, whereby the second processor executes program code and the second processor transmits data to a computing system running the software in a process, whereby the process enters an error condition if the data contain errors.

Abstract: Method for processing data, in which a Petri net is encoded, written into a memory and read and excuted by at least one instance, wherein transitions of the Petri net read from at least one tape and/or write on at least one tape symbols or symbol strings, with the aid of at least one head. [FIG. 1]. In an alternative, data-processing, co-operating nets are composed, the composition result is encoded, written into a memory and read and executed from the memory by at least one instance. In doing this, components can have cryptological functions. The data-processing nets can receive and process second data from a cryptological function which is executed in a protected manner. The invention enables processing of data which prevents semantic analysis of laid-open, possibly few processing steps and which can produce a linkage of the processing steps with a hardware which is difficult to isolate.

Abstract: A device for protecting against unauthorized use of software, characterized in that a first processor emulates a second processor (3), whereby the second processor executes program code and the second processor transmits data to a computing system running the software in a process, whereby the process enters an error condition if the data contain errors.

Abstract: A device for protecting against unauthorized use of software, whereby a first wireless device exchanges data directly or indirectly with a process running the software on a computing system and the process runs incorrectly or in an error condition if the exchanged data contain errors.