Abstract: The invention relates to a gas turbine comprising a combustor that extends into a combustion chamber. The port of the combustor is surrounded in a ring-shaped manner by a Helmholtz resonator, whereby combustion oscillations are effectively suppressed due to close contact with the flame while irregularities in temperature are prevented.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling a safety-critical railway operating process in which the program necessary for the above is divided into a system software (V,PMS) and a software (BO) specific for railway management. External commands (K) and messages (M), which affect the control, are recorded and transmitted to commercial computers (R1,R2) in which the actual process control runs, by means of the system software running in one or several secure signalling computers (SR*), as defined by the relevant railway operating condition. The processing of the program specific for railway management can occur in two channels, parallel or serially, whereby the monitoring of whether the commercial computers have reached the same result is carried out in the secure signalling computers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for burning a fluid fuel, in which fuel is reacted in a catalytic reactions whereupon catalytically pre-reacted fuel continues to be burned in a secondary reaction. A swirling component is impressed onto the pre-reacted fuel, allowing the secondary reaction to be ignited in a spatially controlled manner, resulting in complete burnout. The invention further relates to a burner for burning a fluid fuel, in which the fuel outlet of a catalytic burner is disposed upstream of the fuel outlet of a primary burner in the direction of flow of the fuel within a flow channel such that the fuel is catalytically reacted. The catalytic burner is provided with a number of catalytically effective elements which are arranged such that a vortex is created in the flow channel. The invention can be applied particularly to combustion chambers of gas turbines.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine (120) includes a cylindrical basket (146) having an axis (14) and a single main burner assembly (12) disposed within the basket. A burner insert (34) is disposed in an annular space between the burner assembly and the basket. The insert includes a face perpendicular to the axis of the basket. A plurality of passageways (114) are formed in the basket, positioned proximate to and downstream of the burner insert for allowing passage of a portion of an oxidizer flow (42) into a combustion chamber (30). A fluid flow path (38), defined between a combustion chamber liner portion (32) of the basket and a casing (40) spaced radially outward from the combustion liner portion, discharges a fluid into a flow reversal region (118) proximate an inlet (20) of the burner assembly. A fuel outlet (44) is disposed in the flow reversal region.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for saving the same sequence of messages in several data sinks (DS), several data sources (DQ) independently sending data messages comprising identical message contents to said data sinks (DS) in a parallel manner. In order for the same sequence of messages to be saved, the data sinks (DS) predefine a time slot for the data sources (DQ) to collect the data messages, and the data messages are sent when said time slot is closed.

Abstract: A combustion chamber according to the invention, in particular for a gas turbine, includes at least one combustion chamber wall through which cooling fluid flows and at least one resonator device. The combustion chamber according to the invention is distinguished in that the resonator device is integrated into the combustion chamber wall in such a way that it has the cooling fluid flow passing there through.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for guaranteeing an identical message sequence in several data sinks, according to which several data sources transmit data messages in parallel and independently of one another to said data sinks. To guarantee an identical message sequence, according to the invention a clock-pulse generator delivers a predefined consecutive clock-pulse generator number to all data sources at constant cycle intervals, for example 50 ms, said number being transmitted together with a message counter number that is consecutive during the cycle interval and with the message content to all data sinks.

Abstract: Burners in prior art exhibit combustion instabilities in certain ranges. The operating range of burners is restricted by said instabilities. In an inventive burner, the combustible has a concentration distribution, whereby the concentration of the combustible reduces in a radial direction from the interior to the exterior.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas turbine comprising a combustor that extends into a combustion chamber. The port of the combustor is surrounded in a ring-shaped manner by a Helmholtz resonator, whereby combustion oscillations are effectively suppressed due to close contact with the flame while irregularities in temperature are prevented.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine (120) includes a cylindrical basket (146) having an axis (14) and a single main burner assembly (12) disposed within the basket. A burner insert (34) is disposed in an annular space between the burner assembly and the basket. The insert includes a face perpendicular to the axis of the basket. A plurality of passageways (114) are formed in the basket, positioned proximate to and downstream of the burner insert for allowing passage of a portion of an oxidizer flow (42) into a combustion chamber (30). A fluid flow path (38), defined between a combustion chamber liner portion (32) of the basket and a casing (40) spaced radially outward from the combustion liner portion, discharges a fluid into a flow reversal region (118) proximate an inlet (20) of the burner assembly. A fuel outlet (44) is disposed in the flow reversal region.

Abstract: A performance-enhancing fuel nozzle is disclosed. The nozzle suitable for use in combustors which combine high-swirl-number combustion in a pilot zone with low-swirl-number combustion in a main combustion zone. The nozzle includes a fuel delivery member adapted for fluid communication with a fuel source and a flow conditioning member having a fuel exit port. The fuel exit port is in fluid communication with the fuel supply and is adapted to ensure that the recirculation region adjacent the nozzle tip remains flame free. In one aspect of the invention, the fuel concentration profile of the nozzle is characterized by a radially-outward region that is flammable and a radially-inward region that is substantially non-flammable. In another aspect of the invention, the fuel exit port being is disposed a radially-outward portion of the flow conditioning member. In another aspect of the invention, the flow conditioning member is characterized by a swirl number lower than about 0.5.

Abstract: A catalytic section of a combustor is formed from a spaced tandem array of corrugated panels. The exterior top and bottom surfaces of the panels are coated with a catalyst and the space between panels defines a passage for a fuel-rich/air mixture. The interior of the corrugated panels define cooling air passages for maintaining the catalyst and substrate on which it is formed, at acceptable temperatures.

Abstract: A performance-enhancing fuel nozzle is disclosed. The nozzle suitable for use in combustors which combine high-swirl-number combustion in a pilot zone with low-swirl-number combustion in a main combustion zone. The nozzle includes a fuel delivery member adapted for fluid communication with a fuel source and a flow conditioning member having a fuel exit port. The fuel exit port is in fluid communication with the fuel supply and is adapted to ensure that the recirculation region adjacent the nozzle tip remains flame free. In one aspect of the invention, the fuel concentration profile of the nozzle is characterized by a radially-outward region that is flammable and a radially-inward region that is substantially non-flammable. In another aspect of the invention, the fuel exit port being is disposed a radially-outward portion of the flow conditioning member. In another aspect of the invention, the flow conditioning member is characterized by a swirl number lower than about 0.5.

Abstract: A catalytic section of a combustor is formed from a spaced tandem array of corrugated panels. The exterior top and bottom surfaces of the panels are coated with a catalyst and the space between panels defines a passage for a fuel-rich/air mixture. The interior of the corrugated panels define cooling air passages for maintaining the catalyst and substrate on which it is formed, at acceptable temperatures.

Abstract: A burner includes an axis and a configuration which is rotationally symmetrical relative to the axis and includes an outer casing and an inner casing coaxial thereto. The configuration defines an annular gap extending from an inlet to an outlet for guiding a stream of oxygen-containing gas. A multiplicity of nozzles for supplying a fuel to the stream and a swirl lattice are disposed in the annular gap. The configuration including the outer and inner casings is constructed in such a way that the stream flows through the annular gap between the swirl lattice and the outlet at an essentially constant meridional velocity. The burner is particularly suitable for use in a gas turbine.