Abstract: A method for operating a motor vehicle, the motor vehicle has a control device and a drive train. The drive train includes as components a motor, a clutch, and at least one wheel. The motor is coupled to the at least one wheel via the clutch. The control device controls a rotational speed of the at least one wheel based on a rotational speed specification using a model mapping the drive train of the motor vehicle. A torque generated by the motor is influenced as the manipulated variable as a function of at least one state variable of the drive train determined on the basis of the model.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to provide an electrochemical cell which can be produced as simply as possible and with which fluid can flow out of the interior in the event of an overpressure in the interior of the electrochemical cell. This is achieved by an electrochemical cell that comprises a housing, which surrounds the interior of the electrochemical cell, and a rupture device, which is arranged on a wall of the housing and is in particular formed integrally with the wall, wherein the rupture device comprises at least one rupture web, wherein the at least one rupture web has a thickness varying in the longitudinal direction, and/or wherein the at least one rupture web is formed by at least one first depression, which is arranged on an inner side, facing the interior, of the wall, and by at least one second depression, which is arranged on an outer side, facing away from the interior, of the wall.

Abstract: In order to provide a rupture device which can be produced as simply as possible and which enables a controlled opening of a container in the event of an overpressure, it is proposed that the rupture device comprise a wall component which has at least one rupture web, wherein the at least one rupture web has a thickness varying in the longitudinal direction, and/or wherein the at least one rupture web is formed by at least one first depression, which is arranged on a first side of the wall component, and at least one second depression, which is arranged on a second side, facing away from the first side, of the wall component.

Abstract: A method for regulating a drive train of a motor vehicle. The drive train includes, as components, a motor, at least one mechanical component, and at least one wheel. The motor is coupled to the at least one wheel via the at least one mechanical component. A speed of the at least one component of the drive train based on a speed specification is regulated using a model depicting the drive train of the motor vehicle. A torque generated by the motor is influenced as a regulated variable as a function of at least one state variable of the drive train determined on the basis of the model.

Abstract: A method for operating a motor vehicle, the motor vehicle has a control device and a drive train. The drive train includes as components a motor, a clutch, and at least one wheel. The motor is coupled to the at least one wheel via the clutch. The control device controls a rotational speed of the at least one wheel based on a rotational speed specification using a model mapping the drive train of the motor vehicle. A torque generated by the motor is influenced as the manipulated variable as a function of at least one state variable of the drive train determined on the basis of the model.

Abstract: A method for regulating a drive train of a motor vehicle. The drive train includes, as components, a motor, at least one mechanical component, and at least one wheel. The motor is coupled to the at least one wheel via the at least one mechanical component. A speed of the at least one component of the drive train based on a speed specification is regulated using a model depicting the drive train of the motor vehicle. A torque generated by the motor is influenced as a regulated variable as a function of at least one state variable of the drive train determined on the basis of the model.

Abstract: A motor vehicle battery includes a battery housing. The battery housing has a housing interior bounded in sections by a housing frame and a housing base. The motor vehicle battery further includes a plurality of battery modules arranged in the housing interior. The motor vehicle battery further includes at least one first cooling duct. The at least one first cooling duct is formed in the region of the housing base, for cooling the battery modules from a first side. The housing interior is bounded by a housing cover or by a housing lid opposite the housing base. At least one second cooling duct for cooling the battery modules from a second side is formed in the region of the housing cover or of the housing lid.

Abstract: A motor vehicle battery includes a battery housing. The battery housing has a housing interior bounded in sections by a housing frame and a housing base. The motor vehicle battery further includes a plurality of battery modules arranged in the housing interior. The motor vehicle battery further includes at least one first cooling duct. The at least one first cooling duct is formed in the region of the housing base, for cooling the battery modules from a first side. The housing interior is bounded by a housing cover or by a housing lid opposite the housing base. At least one second cooling duct for cooling the battery modules from a second side is formed in the region of the housing cover or of the housing lid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the non-stereoselective and also for the stereoselective synthesis of astaxanthin from astacin. For this purpose, a reducing agent is used selected from the group of hydrogen, a secondary alcohol, formic acid and also the salts of formic acid or from a mixture of at least two representatives of the compound classes stated above. The invention further relates to the use of astacin as starting compound for the synthesis of astaxanthin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for purifying the xanthophylls astaxanthin and canthaxanthin. The process comprises suspending the xanthophyll in an organic solvent or solvent mixture, treating the suspension of the xanthophyll in the organic solvent or solvent mixture at elevated temperature, and subsequent separation off of the xanthophyll from the solvent by a solid-liquid separation, wherein the organic solvent is selected from ketones of the general formula (I) and mixtures of ketones of the general formula (I) where R1 is C1-C4 alkyl and R2 is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, phenyl and benzyl, wherein the phenyl rings in the two last-mentioned radicals are unsubstituted or can have 1 or 2 methyl groups, or R1 and R2 together are linear C4-C6 alkylene, which can bear 1, 2 or 3 methyl groups as substituents.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a cyclic ?-ketoalcohol, particularly a 6-hydroxycyclohexenone from a cyclic ?-ketoenol, particularly a 6-hydroxycyclohexadienone, using a reducing agent. This reducing agent is selected from hydrogen gas; a secondary alcohol, formic acid and the salts of formic acid or a mixture of at least two representatives of these compound classes. The invention further comprises the use of an ?-ketoenol, in particular a 6-hydroxycyclohexadienone, as intermediate for preparing astaxanthin.

Abstract: A device for handling a bone screw to be connected with a vertebral rod includes an essentially cylindrical and hollow housing and an adjustment tool which axially traverses the housing and which has a section provided with an outer threading and is screwed into an internal threading of the housing, wherein the housing is constructed pliers-like and has a first and a second jaw which relative to the user each have a proximal and a distal end, wherein the distal ends engage at the head of the bone screw, wherein the two jaws are pivotably connected with each other via a pivot axis which is situated between the distal and proximal ends and extends orthogonally in relation to the longitudinal axis of the housing, and wherein the internal threading of the housing is provided on a proximal end of a single one of the jaws.

Abstract: The present invention relates to astaxanthin compositions for use in foodstuffs, food supplements or feedstuffs or as a medicament. Astaxanthin compositions which comprise up to at least 50% by weight, in particular at least 60% by weight, particularly at least 70% by weight, specifically at least 80% by weight or at least 90% by weight, based on the total weight of astaxanthin and astaxanthin derivatives in the composition, of an astaxanthin monoester with an aliphatic, unbranched C10C22-monocarboxylic acid have a particularly good bioavailability when at least 90% by weight of the monoester present in the astaxanthin composition is a monoester with precisely one aliphatic, unbranched C10-C22-monocarboxylic acid. They are therefore particularly suitable for the use in foodstuffs, food supplements or feedstuffs and for the therapeutic use as medicament and as constituent for medicinal preparations and pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to astaxanthin compositions for use in foodstuffs, food supplements or feedstuffs or as a medicament. Astaxanthin compositions which comprise at least 50% by weight, in particular at least 60% by weight, especially preferably at least 70% by weight and specifically at least 80% by weight or at least 90% by weight, based on the total weight of astaxanthin and astaxanthin derivatives in the composition, of an astaxanthin monoester with a C18-1 fatty acid have a particularly good bioavailability. They are therefore particularly suitable for use in foodstuffs, food supplements or feedstuffs and for the therapeutic use as medicament and as constituent for medicinal preparations and pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: A device for handling a bone screw to be connected with a vertebral rod includes an essentially cylindrical and hollow housing and an adjustment tool which axially traverses the housing and which has a section provided with an outer threading and is screwed into an internal threading of the housing, wherein the housing is constructed pliers-like and has a first and a second jaw which relative to the user each have a proximal and a distal end, wherein the distal ends engage at the head of the bone screw, wherein the two jaws are pivotably connected with each other via a pivot axis which is situated between the distal and proximal ends and extends orthogonally in relation to the longitudinal axis of the housing, and wherein the internal threading of the housing is provided on a proximal end of a single one of the jaws.

Abstract: The invention describes an environmentally friendly, sustainable and cost-effective method for preparing astaxanthin diesters of the formula 1, in which astaxanthin of the formula 2 is doubly esterified with fatty acid chlorides of the general formula 3. For this purpose, compound 2 and 3 are reacted in an organic solvent in the presence of a nitrogen-containing base of the general formula 4. The invention further relates to the non-therapeutic use of the diester 1, in which R is a residue selected from the group consisting of C13-C19-alkyl, C13-C19-alkenyl, C13-C19-alkdienyl and C13-C19-alktrienyl, in human or animal nutrition and also the therapeutic use of the diester 1 prepared according to the method as a medicament and also as an ingredient in a medicinal preparation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for purifying the xanthophylls astaxanthin and canthaxanthin. The process comprises suspending the xanthophyll in an organic solvent or solvent mixture, treating the suspension of the xanthophyll in the organic solvent or solvent mixture at elevated temperature, and subsequent separation off of the xanthophyll from the solvent by a solid-liquid separation, wherein the organic solvent is selected from ketones of the general formula (I) and mixtures of ketones of the general formula (I) where R1 is C1-C4 alkyl and R2 is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, phenyl and benzyl, wherein the phenyl rings in the two last-mentioned radicals are unsubstituted or can have 1 or 2 methyl groups, or R1 and R2 together are linear C4-C6 alkylene, which can bear 1, 2 or 3 methyl groups as substituents.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the non-stereoselective and also for the stereoselective synthesis of astaxanthin from astacin. For this purpose, a reducing agent is used selected from the group of hydrogen, a secondary alcohol, formic acid and also the salts of formic acid or from a mixture of at least two representatives of the compound classes stated above. The invention further relates to the use of astacin as starting compound for the synthesis of astaxanthin.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a cyclic ?-ketoalcohol, particularly a 6-hydroxycyclohexenone from a cyclic ?-ketoenol, particularly a 6-hydroxycyclohexadienone, using a reducing agent. This reducing agent is selected from hydrogen gas; a secondary alcohol, formic acid and the salts of formic acid or a mixture of at least two representatives of these compound classes. The invention further comprises the use of an ?-ketoenol, in particular a 6-hydroxycyclohexadienone, as intermediate for preparing astaxanthin.

Abstract: A heat exchanger, in particular for a heating or air-conditioning system in a motor vehicle, having an evaporator unit to which a refrigerant medium can be supplied via a distribution unit and through which said refrigerant medium flows and around which said refrigerant medium flows after only one diversion (two-block design) at the bottom in a diversion unit, wherein the distribution unit is designed to effect a uniform distribution of the refrigerant medium over the full width of the evaporator.