Abstract: A parking brake for a vehicle includes a lever holder including a housing that has a first flat side and a second flat side and a brake actuation lever pivotably arranged on the lever holder. The brake actuation lever is articulated to the first flat side and to the second flat side. The parking brake also includes a locking arrangement for holding the brake actuation lever in a locking position, a brake cable, and a deflection lever pivotably articulated to the first flat side and to the second flat side of the housing. The deflection lever is pivotably linked with the brake actuation lever. In addition, the parking brake includes a coupling unit disposed on the deflection lever for tensioning the brake cable during a displacement of the brake actuation lever.

Abstract: A connecting means (11) for ignition systems in internal combustion engines (12) is designed such that the connecting means (11) is functionally reliable even under unfavorable operating conditions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a parking brake for a vehicle, comprising a brake operating lever (3), arranged pivotably in a lever retainer (5); a coupling unit (19), which tensions a cable on displacement of the brake operating lever (3); a parking device (21, 22) to hold the brake operating lever in a park position and a return lever (13) pivotably mounted on the lever retainer (5) and connected by means of a joint to the brake operating lever (3) and which comprises the coupling unit (19) for the brake cable. According to the invention, a parking brake can be achieved which gives an improvement of the transfer ratio of brake operating lever (3) and cable pull in a manner which is not costly in terms of detailed assembly, whereby the lever retainer (5) is in the form of a housing (5) with two flat sides (8) and that the return lever (13) and the brake operating lever (3) are connected between the flat sides (8) of the housing (5).

Abstract: The part of the distributor electrode in the breakdown region has a resistance of at least 400 ohms per millimeter. The total resistance of the electrode is in the range of between 0.5 and 1.0 kilo-ohms. The material is a mixture of a resistive ceramic material and a finely dispersed additive of metallic conductivity. Arrangements for creating surface discharge gaps thereby slowing down the sparking process and decreasing interference are also illustrated.

Abstract: To provide constant tension on an electro-erosive electrode machining wire, tape or ribbon stretched in a working path between advancing rollers and pulling rollers, a tension loading arrangement, for example weights, springs, or the like, are applied to the wire to maintain the tension thereof at a constant value. The deflection of the wire, due to elongation thereof as a result of heating, differences in manufacturing technologies and the like, is sensed and fed back to the motors driving the advancing and pulling rotors to maintain the tension, as controlled by the motor torques and speeds at a uniform value.

Abstract: A movement control apparatus, which can be constructed as an accessory, provides in addition to the primary process-controlled movement of the electrode circular a secondary movement. The secondary movement is imparted to the electrode through a drive arm fixed at one end to the bottom slide of a cross-slide on which the electrode is also fixed and attached pivotably at the other end to an eccentric point of a rotating spindle. The mechanism for rotating the spindle is so designed that the degree of eccentricity of the eccentric point may be adjusted mechanically while the spindle is rotating. The eccentricity may also be controlled by the action of a cam follower which runs along a template, so that the circular movement of the electrode is controlled by the template in a copying mode.

Abstract: Electroerosion machining (EDM or ECM) is carried out with a minimum of manual intervention. Under control of recorded data an electronic control system utilizing control logic directs the set-up operations as well as the actual machining process. The operations automatically (i.e., without the necessity of manual intervention) include loading and removal of workpieces and electrode material, trueing up of the workpiece (which may be by providing a transformation of the data rather than by adjusting the position of the workpiece), making starting bores, threading the electrode through a starting bore, applying a low melting alloy or other conducting adhesive to cement a core in the process of being cut out by machining, cutting the electrode after completing a starting bore and joining electrode ends after rethreading in a new starting bore. In threading the electrode it may be pushed simply or with the support of a surrounding jet of pressure medium, or it may be pulled by a grapple member.

Abstract: Two condition index variables are used for controlling operation in such a manner that one of the variables is kept as close as possible to a minimum value, while the other is held within an assigned range. Both condition index variables depend on the rate of flow of the flushing liquid through the working gap, on the interval between discharges in the gap or on the duty cycle or repetition frequency and amplitude of the discharge pulses. The condition index variable held to a minimum may be the integral of the square of the error signal from the regulating circuit of the electrode advancing drive, the integral of the square of the acceleration of electrode movement or the quotient obtained by dividing the square of the error signal by the square of the gap current. The regulating value to be held within an assigned range is a calculated breakdown potential defined by the relation of the variation of the error signal to the variation of the electrode spacing.

Abstract: A workpiece-supporting table of an electro erosion machining equipment is provided with a mechanism for subjecting the workpiece to a circling motion of continuously variable radius during operation from zero to a maximum value. The same tool electrode can be used, without withdrawal from the work, for coarse machining at first and fine machining under circling movement immediately thereafter.

Abstract: The peak voltage of each discharge pulse is measured and, if the voltage of the pulse exceeds a high threshold value, there is also measured the time between the passing of that value and the moment the pulse voltage thereafter drops below a second lower threshold value. The two measurements are expressed in pulses that are combined, preferably by addition, to provide a regulating value, whose deviation ("error") from a standard value is predicted for a coming period, taking account of recent electrode position change as well as regulating value trend. The sign of the predicted error determines in which direction the electrode drive motor will be energized, but if the predicted error is less than a threshold value no motor energization occurs until the next error prediction.