Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the direct reduction of oxidic iron carrier particles to a reduction product in a fluidized bed through which a reduction gas containing 30-100 mol % hydrogen H2 flows in crossflow. At least 90% by mass of oxidic iron carrier particles introduced into the fluidized bed have a particle size of less than or equal to 200 micrometers. The superficial velocity U of the reduction gas flowing through the fluidized bed is set between 0.05 m/s and 1 m/s such that, for the particle size d equal to d30 of the oxidic iron carrier particles introduced into the fluidized bed, it is above the theoretical suspension velocity Ut and is less than or equal to Umax.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the direct reduction of oxidic iron carrier particles to a reduction product in a fluidized bed through which a reduction gas containing 30-100 mol % hydrogen H2 flows in crossflow. At least 90% by mass of oxidic iron carrier particles introduced into the fluidized bed have a particle size of less than or equal to 200 micrometers. The superficial velocity U of the reduction gas flowing through the fluidized bed is set between 0.05 m/s and 1 m/s such that, for the particle size d equal to d30 of the oxidic iron carrier particles introduced into the fluidized bed, it is above the theoretical suspension velocity Ut and is less than or equal to Umax.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for testing different selected materials and/or surface structures for the culture of cells and/or microorganisms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for testing different selected materials and/or surface structures for the culture of cells and/or microorganisms, said method comprising the following steps: i) providing a plurality of different selected materials and/or surface structures to be tested in the form of beaker-shaped inserts, wherein the beaker-shaped inserts are dimensioned in such a way that a beaker-shaped insert can be inserted in a substantially accurately fitting manner into a well of a multiwell plate suitable for cell culture, wherein each beaker-shaped insert has walls, a base, and an opening in the side facing away from the base, wherein the walls and base of the beaker-shaped inserts are liquid-tight, and wherein each beaker-shaped insert has a selected material and/or a selected surface structure, at least on the inner face of the base; ii) inserting the beaker-shaped inserts into wells of multiwell plates of appropriate dimensioning so that the outer face of the beaker base points towards