Abstract: Novel fluorescent whitening agents, compositions or mixtures thereof with known fluorescent whitening agents, their preparation, and their use. The novel fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs) contain three structural subunits derived from 4,4?-diamino-2,2?-stilbenedisulfonic acid. The novel compounds and their mixtures with known FWAs show very good effectiveness as fluorescent whitening agents for cellulosic materials, in particular for paper.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel fluorescent whitening agents, compositions or mixtures thereof with known fluorescent whitening agents, their preparation, and their use. The novel fluorescent whitening agents contain three structural subunits derived from 4,4?-diamino-2,2?-stilbenedisulfonic acid. The novel compounds and their mixtures with known FWAs show very good effectiveness as fluorescent whitening agents for cellulosic materials, in particular for paper.

Abstract: A combination of micronized cellulose and fluorescent whitening agents for surface treatment of cellulosic sheet-formed materials, e.g. paper, board or cotton fabric, and to preparations including the micronized cellulose and the fluorescent whitening agents. The combination enables improved fluorescent whitening and optical brightening of the cellulosic materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition suitable for optically whitening paper or board, wherein the composition contains specified bis-triazinylamino-stilbene fluorescent whitening agents with carboxylic acid and/or sulfonic acid groups. The composition can be used for whitening paper in the pulp, size press or by coating.

Abstract: Fluorescent whitening agent compositions include at least two specific disulfo-type fluorescent whitening agents for optically whitening paper or board.

Abstract: Concentrated aqueous fluorescent whitening agent preparations are disclosed for optically whitening paper, wherein the preparation contains a specific disulfo-type fluorescent whitening agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition suitable for optically whitening paper or board, wherein the composition contains specified bis-triazinylamino-stilbene fluorescent whitening agents with carboxylic acid and/or sulfonic acid groups. The composition can be used for whitening paper in the pulp, size press or by coating.

Abstract: A composition suitable for paper brightening, wherein the composition contains one or more specified fluorescent whitening agents with taurine groups. The composition is used for whitening paper, in particular at the wet-end, in the size press or by coating.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition suitable for surface treatment of paper, wherein the composition contains a specified fluorescent whitening agent with a combination of specific terminal groups, a salt of a bivalent cation, and a carrier. The composition is used for whitening paper, in particular in the size press.

Abstract: A composition suitable for surface treatment of paper, wherein the composition contains a specified fluorescent whitening agent with alkylsulfonic acid groups, a salt of a bivalent cation, and a carrier. The composition is used for whitening paper, in particular in the size press.

Abstract: Disulfo-type fluorescent whitening agents for optically brightening coating slips contain a synthetic binder and a different synthetic co-binder. In addition, a coating slip and its use for preparing coated papers are disclosed.

Abstract: Concentrated aqueous fluorescent whitening agent preparations are disclosed for optically whitening paper, wherein the preparation contains a specific disulfo-type fluorescent whitening agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fluorescent whitening agent compositions containing at least two specific disulfo-type fluorescent whitening agents for optically whitening paper or board.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition suitable for surface treatment of paper, wherein the composition contains a specified fluorescent whitening agent with alkylsulfonic acid groups, a salt of a bivalent cation, and a carrier. The composition is used for whitening paper, in particular in the size press.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition suitable for paper brightening, wherein the composition contains one or more specified fluorescent whitening agents with taurine groups. The composition is used for whitening paper, in particular at the wet-end, in the size press or by coating.

Abstract: A process for whitening paper in a size press includes contacting a cellulose sheet with a size press liquor that contains a surface size and a particular whitener containing sulfonate groups and cations, M, wherein at least 10% of all cations M have the formula in which R5 to R7, independently of one another, denote hydrogen, a C1-C4-alkyl radical or an optionally further substituted C2-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, and R8 denotes an optionally further substituted C2-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical. The process provides superior paper whitening compared to a corresponding process in which the whitener cations are all sodium or potassium ions.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently represent OR3 or NR6R7; R5, R6 and R7 independently represent hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, especially C1-C4 alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted aryl, especially C6-C10 aryl; R6, R7 can also form an aliphatic or aromatic ring, together with the N atom to which they are bonded and optionally other heteroatoms; M represents hydrogen, an equivalent of a monovalent or bivalent metal ion, especially from the group of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, or of an optionally organically substituted ammonium ion; and B1 represents a bivalent binding link.

Abstract: The use of optical brighteners of the formula (II): in which Y denotes a radical of the formula and the other substituents have the meaning stated in the description, for brightening aqueous coating slips comprising at least one latex binder and at least one synthetic co-binder differing therefrom.

Abstract: Process for whitening paper in the size press, characterized in that the size press liquor contains a whitener of the formula I in which X, independently of one another, denote a radical of the formula and R1 represents C1-C6-alkyl and R2 represents H, or R1 represents H and R2 represents C1-C6-alkyl, and, independently thereof, R3 represents H, methyl, ethyl, CH2CH2OH or CH2CH2OCH3, R1? represents C1-C6-alkyl and R2? represents H, or R1? represents H and R2? represents C1-C6-alkyl, and, independently thereof, R3? represents H, methyl, ethyl, CH2CH2OH or CH2CH2OCH3 and R4 represents C1-C4-alkyl and M denotes H, one equivalent of an inorganic cation, in particular Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg or ammonium, or a substituted ammonium of the formula II in which R5 to R7, independently of one another, denote hydrogen, a C1-C4-alkyl radical or an optionally further substituted C2-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, and R8 denotes an optionally further substituted C2-C4-hydroxyalkyl radical, at least 10 mol % of

Abstract: The use of optical brighteners of the formula (II): 1