Abstract: The invention relates to a device for analyzing gaseous samples comprising a device for generating a plasma, a feeding device for the sample to be analyzed and at least one detector unit which in particular comprises at least one interference filter, a lens arrangement and a photodetector for detecting radiation, especially atomic emission or molecular emission, emitted by the sample to be analyzed. According to the invention, said device for generating the plasma is made up of two in particular ring- or disk-shaped parallel, interspaced electrodes, wherein each electrode has one essentially centrical, especially circular through-opening, and an isolator positioned between said electrodes, said isolator having a particularly circular through-opening for confining the plasma. In addition the invention provides for an optical unit, in particular a collimator lens, to be placed between said device for generating the plasma and the detector unit for forming a parallel ray beam.

Abstract: In a process for triggering and/or carrying out chemical reactions by irradiating starting materials and, in particular, liquid starting materials with short-wave electromagnetic radiation emitted from at least one substance sending out short-wave electromagnetic radiation upon irradiation and excitation with long-wave electromagnetic radiation under operating conditions, the short-wave electromagnetic radiation is generated in a closed vessel arranged within the starting materials and containing the short-wave electromagnetic radiation emitting substance.

Abstract: A device for producing RF/HF induced low-energy plasma, in particular noble gas plasma, including a generator and a supply element for the plasma gas. The generator is coupled in a known manner to two, in particular, ring- or disk-shaped parallel, interspaced electrodes, each having at least one through-opening, and for at least one isolator to be positioned between the electrodes, the isolator having at least one particularly circular through-opening assigned to the through-opening of the electrode, whose through-opening is designed to confine the plasma formed by a plasma gas at a pressure of at least 0.01 bars, but preferably between 0.1 and 5 bars. The inside diameter of the through-opening of the electrodes is at least double, but especially approximately four to eight times that of the inside diameter of the through-opening of the isolator for confining the plasma.

Abstract: A photoionization detector for a gaschromatographic apparatus includes an ionization chamber provided with a polarizing electrode and a collector electrode. The electrodes are mounted on and heated by a base portion of the detector. A lamp with a window spaced from the chamber and mounted on the base portion through supporting means having low thermal conductivity is provided. A gas curtain of a gas that is transparent to the said lamp radiation is provided at least between the window and the ionization chamber and comprises a first portion of substantially still gas acting as thermal insulant and a second portion of flowing gas also acting as sweep gas for the lamp window.

Abstract: An apparatus for the simultaneous detection of several ranges of wavelengths of polychromatic light radiation, using one detector for each detected range of wavelengths, includes an interference filter which filters the range of wavelengths to be detected out of the polychromatic light beam, and optical elements for guiding the polychromatic light beam to be detected. The optical elements include a first system of mirrors in the path of the incident polychromatic light beam for collimating it in a hollow-cylindrical manner, one mirror of the first system of mirrors being located at the center of the collimated light beam. The optical elements further include a second system of mirrors in the hollow-cylindrically collimated light beam that deflects this light essentially perpendicularly to the conceptual surface of the hollow cylinder and radially to the longitudinal axis of thereof.