Abstract: The invention relates to a method for cleaning surfaces, wherein a liquid volume is produced around a surface to be cleaned and, using at least one assembly comprising at least one nozzle and a heating device, vapor bubbles composed of wet vapor or saturated vapor and/or bubbles composed of a superheated vapor are produced and are directed by the at least one nozzle at the surface to be cleaned.

Abstract: A protective circuit (10) comprises a terminal (11), a reference potential terminal (12) and a protective structure (13) that is arranged between the terminal (11) and the reference potential terminal (12), and is designed to be conductive in the event of an electrostatic discharge. The protective circuit (10) furthermore comprises a voltage supply circuit (14) that is coupled to a control input (16) of the protective structure (13) with its output side and is designed for delivering, in the event of radiofrequency interference, a control signal (ST) to the control input (16) with such a high voltage value that conduction of the protective structure (13) is prevented.

Abstract: A protective circuit (10) comprises a terminal (11), a reference potential terminal (12) and a protective structure (13) that is arranged between the terminal (11) and the reference potential terminal (12), and is designed to be conductive in the event of an electrostatic discharge. The protective circuit (10) furthermore comprises a voltage supply circuit (14) that is coupled to a control input (16) of the protective structure (13) with its output side and is designed for delivering, in the event of radiofrequency interference, a control signal (ST) to the control input (16) with such a high voltage value that conduction of the protective structure (13) is prevented.

Abstract: A protective circuit (10) comprises a terminal (11), a reference potential terminal (12) and a protective structure (13) that is arranged between the terminal (11) and the reference potential terminal (12), and is designed to be conductive in the event of an electrostatic discharge. The protective circuit (10) furthermore comprises a voltage supply circuit (14) that is coupled to a control input (16) of the protective structure (13) with its output side and is designed for delivering, in the event of radiofrequency interference, a control signal (ST) to the control input (16) with such a high voltage value that conduction of the protective structure (13) is prevented.

Abstract: A protective circuit (10) comprises a terminal (11), a reference potential terminal (12) and a protective structure (13) that is arranged between the terminal (11) and the reference potential terminal (12), and is designed to be conductive in the event of an electrostatic discharge. The protective circuit (10) furthermore comprises a voltage supply circuit (14) that is coupled to a control input (16) of the protective structure (13) with its output side and is designed for delivering, in the event of radiofrequency interference, a control signal (ST) to the control input (16) with such a high voltage value that conduction of the protective structure (13) is prevented.

Abstract: A protective circuit (10) comprises a terminal (11), a reference potential terminal (12) and a protective structure (13) that is arranged between the terminal (11) and the reference potential terminal (12), and is designed to be conductive in the event of an electrostatic discharge. The protective circuit (10) furthermore comprises a voltage supply circuit (14) that is coupled to a control input (16) of the protective structure (13) with its output side and is designed for delivering, in the event of radiofrequency interference, a control signal (ST) to the control input (16) with such a high voltage value that conduction of the protective structure (13) is prevented.

Abstract: A protective circuit (10) comprises a terminal (11), a reference potential terminal (12) and a protective structure (13) that is arranged between the terminal (11) and the reference potential terminal (12), and is designed to be conductive in the event of an electrostatic discharge. The protective circuit (10) furthermore comprises a voltage supply circuit (14) that is coupled to a control input (16) of the protective structure (13) with its output side and is designed for delivering, in the event of radiofrequency interference, a control signal (ST) to the control input (16) with such a high voltage value that conduction of the protective structure (13) is prevented.

Abstract: According to one general aspect, a method of software certification comprising establishing a host application server software (HASS) on a system. The method further comprising installing, on the system, an third-party software product (TPSP) that uses the HASS. In various embodiments, the method may also comprise verifying that the TPSP functions to at least a predefined standard. In some embodiments, the method may also include uninstalling the third-party software product. The method also including testing that the HASS functions to at least a predefined standard once the TPSP has been uninstalled.

Abstract: A method for certifying a software product for supportability is disclosed in which the software product is identified, wherein the software product is configured to receive and process one or more user interactions. One or more anticipated log messages corresponding to each of a plurality of predetermined user errors which the software product is anticipated to generate on a logging framework associated with supporting the software product are identified. It is required that the software product perform each of the plurality of predetermined user errors responsive to the one or more user interactions. It is determined that the software product generates, for each of the plurality of predetermined user errors, one or more log messages on the logging framework, and the software product is certified for supportability based on a comparison of the anticipated log messages with the generated log messages.

Abstract: A method for certifying whether a software solution is compatible with an operating environment that includes one or more backend systems associated with a software product. Provide an advanced certification routine including a plurality of tests associated with determining a compatibility between the software solution and the software product and including access to the one or more backend systems. Provide a basic certification routine associated with determining a compatibility between the software solution and the software product without access to the one or more backend systems, wherein the basic certification includes a subset of the plurality of tests associated with the advanced certification routine. Receive a request associated with certifying the software solution based on the advanced certification routine or the basic certification routine.

Abstract: According to one general aspect, a method of software certification comprising establishing a host application server software (HASS) on a system. The method further comprising installing, on the system, an third-party software product (TPSP) that uses the HASS. In various embodiments, the method may also comprise verifying that the TPSP functions to at least a predefined standard. In some embodiments, the method may also include uninstalling the third-party software product. The method also including testing that the HASS functions to at least a predefined standard once the TPSP has been uninstalled.

Abstract: A method for certifying a software product for supportability is disclosed in which the software product is identified, wherein the software product is configured to receive and process one or more user interactions. One or more anticipated log messages corresponding to each of a plurality of predetermined user errors which the software product is anticipated to generate on a logging framework associated with supporting the software product are identified. It is required that the software product perform each of the plurality of predetermined user errors responsive to the one or more user interactions. It is determined that the software product generates, for each of the plurality of predetermined user errors, one or more log messages on the logging framework, and the software product is certified for supportability based on a comparison of the anticipated log messages with the generated log messages.

Abstract: A method for certifying whether a software solution is compatible with an operating environment that includes one or more backend systems associated with a software product. Provide an advanced certification routine including a plurality of tests associated with determining a compatibility between the software solution and the software product and including access to the one or more backend systems. Provide a basic certification routine associated with determining a compatibility between the software solution and the software product without access to the one or more backend systems, wherein the basic certification includes a subset of the plurality of tests associated with the advanced certification routine. Receive a request associated with certifying the software solution based on the advanced certification routine or the basic certification routine.

Abstract: Chiral compounds of the formula I ##STR1## where: R.sup.1,R.sup.2,R.sup.3,R.sup.4 are hydrogen or aromatic, aliphatic or araliphatic radicals having 1 to 40 carbon atoms,R.sup.5,R.sup.6,R.sup.7,R.sup.8 are aromatic or aliphatic radicals having 1 to 20 carbon atoms,with the proviso that at least one of the radicals R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 contains a polymerizable group,are used as dopes in liquid crystals, in compositions for coating substrates and in the preparation of interference pigments which can be used in printing inks and surface coatings.

Abstract: Power-operated closing devices, particularly electrically operated windows and sunroofs of motor vehicles, have two electrical conductors being spaced apart from each other for disengaging a switching process of a drive unit when brought into contact. For the purposes of simple manufacture and reliable contact-making, a trapping protector is provided, which includes a flexible hollow profile made of an elastomer or plastic material having a flat base area and a mounted arched profile area enclosing a hollow chamber. The base area and a zenith area of the arched profile area include conductive material and are separated from each other by insulating profile areas.