Abstract: Optical sources having multiple optical emitters are described, which may be used in a sensor array used to detect optical properties of a subject, including hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin concentrations. Multiple optical emitters can be positioned within an optical source. The optical source may include a diffuser and one or more optics, which may direct light from the multiple optical emitters along substantially the same optical direction to the diffuser. The diffuser may receive light from the one or more optics and transmit light from the optical source where the transmitted light has a greater angular distribution than light emitted by one of the optical emitters.

Abstract: Optical source and detector arrangements, systems, and methods are described, which may be used to provide or analyze information about a subject, including hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin concentrations. Multiple optical detectors can be positioned at different distances from an optical source. The optical sources may irradiate the subject with optical signals and the optical detectors can detect the optical signals from the optical sources after passing through the subject. Analysis of the detected signals source can yield information about the subject.