Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for introducing a main fuel and a pilot fuel which is more readily flammable than the main fuel and which serves to ignite the main fuel into an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder having a combustion chamber. A set of conditions are defined to constitute high load conditions on the engine and to constitute low load conditions on the engine. The load conditions are detected. At high load conditions, the main fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber prior to introducing the pilot fuel and the pilot fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber a predetermined amount of time after the introduction of the main fuel. At low load conditions the pilot fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber in advance of the main fuel, and the main fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber a predetermined amount of time after the introduction of the pilot fuel.

Abstract: This invention relates to accumulator injectors for a gas and/or liquid fueled diesel engine fuel injection system. Such structures of this type, generally, allows for variable injection timing and duration while providing a multiple fuel capability by changing the fuel distribution/atomization nozzle.

Abstract: Apparatus and a method of introducing a primary fuel, which may be a coal water slutty, and a high combustion auxiliary fuel, which may be a conventional diesel oil, into an internal combustion diesel engine comprises detecting the load conditions of the engine, determining the amount of time prior to the top dead center position of the piston to inject the main fuel into the combustion chamber, and determining the relationship of the timing of the injection of the auxiliary fuel into the combustion chamber to achieve a predetermined specific fuel consumption, a predetermined combustion efficiency, and a predetermined peak cylinder firing pressure.

Abstract: Replenishment water is supplied to a coal-water slurry fuel injector between fuel releases, to resist clogging in the injector. The injector includes a cylindrical body having a needle valve in a central bore, and a fuel intake port which releases fuel into the engine through an opening in the side of the injector body. A nozzle having high pressure ducts is provided in an end of the body for releasing fuel into the engine. A clearance space is provided between the needle valve and the central bore for passage of the replenishment water into the injector. The replenishment water is forced into the nozzle and the high pressure ducts between releases of fuel. Lubricants can be added to the replenishment water, if desired. The replenishment water resists injector clogging by maintaining the fluidity of the coal-water slurry and purging dried coal particles.

Abstract: A fuel injection system particularly adapted for injecting coal slurry fuels at high pressures includes an accumulator-type fuel injector which utilizes high-pressure pilot fuel as a purging fluid to prevent hard particles in the fuel from impeding the opening and closing movement of a needle valve, and as a hydraulic medium to hold the needle valve in its closed position. A fluid passage in the injector delivers an appropriately small amount of the ignition-aiding pilot fuel to an appropriate region of a chamber in the injector's nozzle so that at the beginning of each injection interval the first stratum of fuel to be discharged consists essentially of pilot fuel and thereafter mostly slurry fuel is injected.