Abstract: A hollow preform impact extruded from a metal billet to produce a progressing wall at a transition wall thickness. An axially forward portion of the progressing wall is ironed by extrusion past an extrusion point to form a sidewall portion of a lesser thickness. Extruding is stopped while some of the billet remains to form the closed bottom end. The preform has a bottom portion, a sidewall portion and a transition wall portion extending between the bottom portion and the sidewall portion. The transition wall portion is thicker than the sidewall portion and can be formed into at least part of the rim of an expansion shaped container. An impact extrusion punch has a central axis, an axially forward, impact surface for impacting metal to be extruded, a transition region for directing material displaced by the impact surface and a rear extrusion point for ironing material extruded past the transition region.

Abstract: A hollow preform impact extruded from a metal billet to produce a progressing wall at a transition wall thickness. An axially forward portion of the progressing wall is ironed by extrusion past an extrusion point to form a sidewall portion of a lesser thickness. Extruding is stopped while some of the billet remains to form the closed bottom end. The preform has a bottom portion, a sidewall portion and a transition wall portion extending between the bottom portion and the sidewall portion. The transition wall portion is thicker than the sidewall portion and can be formed into at least part of the rim of an expansion shaped container. An impact extrusion punch has a central axis, an axially forward, impact surface for impacting metal to be extruded, a transition region for directing material displaced by the impact surface and a rear extrusion point for ironing material extruded past the transition region.

Abstract: A hollow preform impact extruded from a metal billet to produce a progressing wall at a transition wall thickness. An axially forward portion of the progressing wall is ironed by extrusion past an extrusion point to form a sidewall portion of a lesser thickness. Extruding is stopped while some of the billet remains to form the closed bottom end. The preform has a bottom portion, a sidewall portion and a transition wall portion extending between the bottom portion and the sidewall portion. The transition wall portion is thicker than the sidewall portion and can be formed into at least part of the rim of an expansion shaped container. An impact extrusion punch has a central axis, an axially forward, impact surface for impacting metal to be extruded, a transition region for directing material displaced by the impact surface and a rear extrusion point for ironing material extruded past the transition region.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for pressure forming a metal preform including shock annealing of the preform and subsequently preheating the preform prior to pressure forming. Shock annealing may be carried out as differential shock annealing in which different regions of the preform are annealed to different degrees. Preheating may be carried out by differentially preheating, optionally shock preheating, different regions of the preform for preheating at least those regions of the preform which will be subject to elevated expansion during pressure forming. Shock annealing by induction heating can lower energy consumption, reduce processing times and allow for larger expansion of the preform.

Abstract: A hollow preform impact extruded from a metal billet to produce a progressing wall at a transition wall thickness. An axially forward portion of the progressing wall is ironed by extrusion past an extrusion point to form a sidewall portion of a lesser thickness. Extruding is stopped while some of the billet remains to form the closed bottom end. The preform has a bottom portion, a sidewall portion and a transition wall portion extending between the bottom portion and the sidewall portion. The transition wall portion is thicker than the sidewall portion and can be formed into at least part of the rim of an expansion shaped container. An impact extrusion punch has a central axis, an axially forward, impact surface for impacting metal to be extruded, a transition region for directing material displaced by the impact surface and a rear extrusion point for ironing material extruded past the transition region.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for pressure forming a metal preform including shock annealing of the preform and subsequently preheating the preform prior to pressure forming. Shock annealing may be carried out as differential shock annealing in which different regions of the preform are annealed to different degrees. Preheating may be carried out by differentially preheating, optionally shock preheating, different regions of the preform for preheating at least those regions of the preform which will be subject to elevated expansion during pressure forming. Shock annealing by induction heating can lower energy consumption, reduce processing times and allow for larger expansion of the preform.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for pressure forming a metal preform including shock annealing of the preform and subsequently preheating the preform prior to pressure forming. Shock annealing may be carried out as differential shock annealing in which different regions of the preform are annealed to different degrees. Preheating may be carried out by differentially preheating, optionally shock preheating, different regions of the preform for preheating at least those regions of the preform which will be subject to elevated expansion during pressure forming. Shock annealing by induction heating can lower energy consumption, reduce processing times and allow for larger expansion of the preform.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for pressure forming a metal preform including shock annealing of the preform and subsequently preheating the preform prior to pressure forming. Shock annealing may be carried out as differential shock annealing in which different regions of the preform are annealed to different degrees. Preheating may be carried out by differentially preheating, optionally shock preheating, different regions of the preform for preheating at least those regions of the preform which will be subject to elevated expansion during pressure forming. Shock annealing by induction heating can lower energy consumption, reduce processing times and allow for larger expansion of the preform.

Abstract: A hollow preform impact extruded from a metal billet to produce a progressing wall at a transition wall thickness. An axially forward portion of the progressing wall is ironed by extrusion past an extrusion point to form a sidewall portion of a lesser thickness. Extruding is stopped while some of the billet remains to form the closed bottom end. The preform has a bottom portion, a sidewall portion and a transition wall portion extending between the bottom portion and the sidewall portion. The transition wall portion is thicker than the sidewall portion and can be formed into at least part of the rim of an expansion shaped container. An impact extrusion punch has a central axis, an axially forward, impact surface for impacting metal to be extruded, a transition region for directing material displaced by the impact surface and a rear extrusion point for ironing material extruded past the transition region.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for pressure forming a metal preform including shock annealing of the preform and subsequently preheating the preform prior to pressure forming. Shock annealing may be carried out as differential shock annealing in which different regions of the preform are annealed to different degrees. Preheating may be carried out by differentially preheating, optionally shock preheating, different regions of the preform for preheating at least those regions of the preform which will be subject to elevated expansion during pressure forming. Shock annealing by induction heating can lower energy consumption, reduce processing times and allow for larger expansion of the preform.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for labeling a metallic container, such as an aluminum collapsible tube (empty and open-ended for filling by the purchaser) with a flexible label, which is especially suited to short production runs and in such a manner that the label is bonded to the container such that it is able to withstand physical abuse without peeling or breaking away from the container. Both the label and unlabeled container may be manufactured in advance and stored until needed. The container comprises an enamel coating which is bonded to the surface of the container, the coating comprising an adhesive which is activated within a predetermined temperature range, and the label comprises a transparent film having reverse printing on the lower surface thereof. The enamel coating is heated to a temperature within the activating temperature range to cause the adhesive to activate. The lower surface of the label is contacted to the heated enamel coating under sufficient pressure to cause the label to bond thereto.