Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the sex of mammalian offspring by separation of the X-chromosome female producing sperm and Y-chromosome male producing sperm according to their different characteristics of density of the respective cells and electric potential on the respective cell surfaces. Separation is accomplished by first producing a thermal convection counter stream within a sedimentation column containing a universal medium with sperm suspended therein and allowing the two sperm populations to settle into different fractions according to different densities. Subsequently, the fractions are further separated and concentrated utilizing convection galvanization. The positive and negative geotaxis applied to the sperm during thermal convection sedimentation in combination with galvanic forces applied during the convection galvanization facilitate a more efficient separation than previously obtained.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the sex of mammalian offspring by separation of the X-chromosome female producing sperm and Y-chromosome male producing sperm according to their different characteristics of density of the respective cells and electric potential on the respective cell surfaces. Separation is accomplished by first producing a thermal convection counter stream within a sedimentation column containing a universal medium with sperm suspended therein and allowing the two sperm populations to settle into different fractions according to different densities. Subsequently, the fractions are further separated and concentrated utilizing convection galvanization. The positive and negative geotaxis applied to the sperm during thermal convection sedimentation in combination with galvanic forces applied during the convection galvanization facilitate a more efficient separation than previously obtained.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the sex of mammalian offspring through separation of X-chromosome female producing sperm and Y-chromosome male producing sperm. The separation is accomplished by producing a thermal convection counter stream within a sedimentation column containing a universal medium with sperm suspended therein, and subsequently allowing the two sperm populations to sediment into different fractions according to different densities. The positive and negative geotaxis thus applied to the sperm facilitate a more efficient separation than has been previously obtained. The apparatus used to accomplish this separation includes means for producing a temperature differential between axial and peripheral portions of the medium contained in the sedimentation column thus creating the necessary thermal convection counter stream, and may also comprise a laser capable of scanning the length of the column and laser detecting means to determine the distribution of sperm produced within the medium.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the sex of mammalian offspring through separation of X-chromosome female producing sperm and Y-chromosome male producing sperm. The separation is accomplished by producing a thermal convection counter stream within a sedimentation column containing a universal medium with sperm suspended therein, and subsequently allowing the two sperm populations to sediment into different fractions according to different densities. The positive and negative geotaxis thus applied to the sperm facilitate a more efficient separation than has been previously obtained. The apparatus used to accomplish this separation includes means for producing a temperature differential between axial and peripheral portions of the medium contained in the sedimentation column thus creating the necessary thermal convection counter stream, and may also comprise a laser capable of scanning the length of the column and laser detecting means to determine the distribution of sperm produced within the medium.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the sex of mammalian offspring by separation of the X-chromosome female producing sperm and Y-chromosome male producing sperm according to their different characteristics of density of the respective cells and electric potential on the respective cell surfaces. Separation is accomplished by first producing at thermal convection counter stream within a sedimentation column containing a universal medium with sperm suspended therein and allowing the two sperm populations to settle into different fractions according to different densities. Subsequently, the fractions are further separated and concentrated utilizing convection galvanization. The positive and negative geotaxis applied to the sperm during thermal convection sedimentation in combination with galvanic forces applied during the convection galvanization facilitate a more efficient separation than previously obtained.