Abstract: An antenna and a formulation and method for making the antenna are disclosed. The antenna comprises: a first phase comprising at least one polymer; a second phase comprising at least one first component; and, optionally; and an interface between the first and second phases, wherein the interface has a concentration gradient of the at least one first component, whereby the concentration of the at least one first component decreases with distance away from the second phase towards the first phase, wherein the at least one first component comprises at least one functional component, at least one functional precursor component, or combinations thereof, and the at least one first component, in combination with the at least one polymer, has a high dielectric constant and/or a low dielectric loss tangent, wherein the antenna is a functional antenna, a functional precursor antenna, or a combination of a functional and functional precursor antenna.

Abstract: A copper-based ink contains copper acetate, 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol and a silver salt. The ink may be coated on a substrate and decomposed on the substrate to form a conductive copper coating on the substrate. The ink provides micron-thick traces and may be screen printed and thermally sintered in the presence of up to about 500 ppm of oxygen or photo-sintered in air to produce highly conductive copper features. Sintered copper traces produced from the ink have improved air stability, and have improved sheet resistivity for 5-20 mil wide screen-printed lines with excellent resolution.

Abstract: A printable molecular ink that is can be treated (e.g. dried or curable) and sintered using broad spectrum ultraviolet light is provided to produce electrically conductive traces on a low temperature substrate, for example PET. The ink includes a silver or copper carboxylate, an organic amine compound, and may include a thermal protecting agent.

Abstract: A molecular ink contains: a silver carboxylate; and a polymeric binder comprising a polyester, polyimide, polyether imide or any mixture thereof having functional groups that render the polymeric binder compatible with the organic amine. Such an ink may have higher silver loading, lower viscosity and lower processing temperatures than existing silver inks.

Abstract: Functional and/or functional precursor products, formulations for making the products, methods of making the products (e.g. functional coatings, concentrated gradients, and/or composites), and uses thereof are provided. In an aspect, the method comprises a) combining at least one first polymerizable component and at least one second polymerizable component to form a composition; and b) polymerizing the at least one first polymerizable component to form at least one first polymer structure, wherein at least two phases are formed from the at least one first polymer structure and the at least one second polymerizable component, and wherein the product is a functional product, a functional precursor product, or a combination of a functional and functional precursor product.

Abstract: An antenna and a formulation and method for making the antenna are disclosed. The antenna comprises: a first phase comprising at least one polymer; a second phase comprising at least one first component; and, optionally; and an interface between the first and second phases, wherein the interface has a concentration gradient of the at least one first component, whereby the concentration of the at least one first component decreases with distance away from the second phase towards the first phase, wherein the at least one first component comprises at least one functional component, at least one functional precursor component, or combinations thereof, and the at least one first component, in combination with the at least one polymer, has a high dielectric constant and/or a low dielectric loss tangent, wherein the antenna is a functional antenna, a functional precursor antenna, or a combination of a functional and functional precursor antenna.

Abstract: A copper-based ink contains copper hydroxide and diethanolamine. The ink may be coated on a substrate and decomposed on the substrate to form a conductive copper coating on the substrate. The ink is low cost and micron-thick traces of the ink may be screen printed and thermally sintered in the presence of up to about 500 ppm of oxygen or photo-sintered in air to produce highly conductive copper features. Sintered copper traces produced from the ink have improved air stability compared to traces produced from other copper inks. Sintered copper traces having sheet resistivity of about 20 m?/?/mil or less may be obtained for 5-20 mil wide screen-printed lines with excellent resolution.

Abstract: A 3D printed GRIN device, the formulation and the method for making the GRIN device are disclosed. The GRIN (graded-index) device comprises i) a first phase comprising at least one polymer; ii) a second phase comprising at least one first component; and, optionally, iii) an interface between the first phase and the second phase, wherein the interface has a concentration gradient of the at least one first component, whereby the concentration of the at least one first component decreases with distance away from the second phase towards the first phase, wherein the at least one first component comprises at least one functional component, at least one functional precursor component, or combinations thereof, and wherein the GRIN device is a functional GRIN device, a functional precursor GRIN device, or a combination of a functional and functional precursor GRIN device.

Abstract: A molecular ink contains a silver carboxylate (e.g. silver neodecanoate), a solvent (e.g. terpineol) and a polymeric binder comprising a polyester, polyimide, polyether imide or any mixture thereof having functional groups that render the polymeric binder compatible with the solvent. Such an ink may have good thermal stability with higher silver carboxylate content.

Abstract: Functional and/or functional precursor products, formulations for making the products, methods of making the products (e.g. functional coatings, concentrated gradients, and/or composites), and uses thereof are provided. In an aspect, a method for making a product is provided, the method comprising: a) combining at least one first component and at least one polymerizable component to form a composition; and b) polymerizing the at least one polymerizable component to form at least one polymer, wherein at least two phases are formed from the at least one first component and the at least one polymer. The at least one first component comprises at least one functional component, at least one functional precursor component, or combinations thereof, and the product is a functional product, a functional precursor product, or a combination of a functional and functional precursor product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electronic device comprising a printed substrate comprising a trace of molecular ink thereon, the molecular ink being sintered to form a conductive metal trace forming the electronic device, wherein the molecular ink is chosen from a) a flake-less printable composition of 30-60 wt % of a C8-C12 silver carboxylate, 0.1-10 wt % of a polymeric binder and balance of at least one organic solvent, all weights based on total weight of the composition; or b) a flake-less printable composition of 5-75 wt % of bis(2-ethyl-1-hexylamine) copper (II) formate, bis(octylamine) copper (II) formate or tris(octylamine) copper (II) formate, 0.25-10 wt % of a polymeric binder and balance of at least one organic solvent, all weights based on total weight of the composition.

Abstract: A printable molecular ink that is can be treated (e.g. dried or curable) and sintered using broad spectrum ultraviolet light is provided to produce electrically conductive traces on a low temperature substrate, for example PET. The ink includes a silver or copper carboxylate, an organic amine compound, and may include a thermal protecting agent.

Abstract: A copper-based ink contains copper hydroxide and diethanolamine. The ink may be coated on a substrate and decomposed on the substrate to form a conductive copper coating on the substrate. The ink is low cost and micron-thick traces of the ink may be screen printed and thermally sintered in the presence of up to about 500 ppm of oxygen or photo-sintered in air to produce highly conductive copper features. Sintered copper traces produced from the ink have improved air stability compared to traces produced from other copper inks. Sintered copper traces having sheet resistivity of about 20 m?/?/mil or less may be obtained for 5-20 mil wide screen-printed lines with excellent resolution.

Abstract: A copper-based ink contains copper acetate, 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol and a silver salt. The ink may be coated on a substrate and decomposed on the substrate to form a conductive copper coating on the substrate. The ink provides micron-thick traces and may be screen printed and thermally sintered in the presence of up to about 500 ppm of oxygen or photo-sintered in air to produce highly conductive copper features. Sintered copper traces produced from the ink have improved air stability, and have improved sheet resistivity for 5-20 mil wide screen-printed lines with excellent resolution.

Abstract: An ink contains an admixture of a copper nanoparticle, a copper precursor molecule (e.g. a copper-aminediol complex), and a polymeric binder, the polymeric binder containing a polyester, polyimide, polyether imide or any mixture thereof having surface 5 functional groups that render the polymeric binder compatible with and/or soluble in a diol. The ink may be deposited on a substrate providing a trace that is conductive and directly solderable and has better mechanical strength than copper inks containing other types of polymeric binders.

Abstract: A molecular ink contains a silver carboxylate (e.g. silver neodecanoate), a solvent (e.g. terpineol) and a polymeric binder comprising a polyester, polyimide, polyether imide or any mixture thereof having functional groups that render the polymeric binder compatible with the solvent. Such an ink may have good thermal stability with higher silver carboxylate content.

Abstract: A process for finishing a conductive metallic layer (e.g. a layer of copper metal) involves coating a molecular silver ink on the conductive metallic layer and decomposing the silver ink to form a solderable coating of silver metal on the conductive metallic layer. The molecular silver ink includes a silver carboxylate, a carrier and a polymeric binder. The process is additive and enables the cost-effective formation of a silver metal finish on conductive metallic layers, which both protects the conductive metallic layer from oxidation and further corrosion and allows soldering with lead and lead-free solders.

Abstract: A molecular ink contains: a silver carboxylate; and a polymeric binder comprising a polyester, polyimide, polyether imide or any mixture thereof having functional groups that render the polymeric binder compatible with the organic amine. Such an ink may have higher silver loading, lower viscosity and lower processing temperatures than existing silver inks.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electronic device comprising a printed substrate comprising a trace of molecular ink thereon, the molecular ink being sintered to form a conductive metal trace forming the electronic device, wherein the molecular ink is chosen from a) a flake-less printable composition of 30-60 wt % of a C8-C12 silver carboxylate, 0.1-10 wt % of a polymeric binder and balance of at least one organic solvent, all weights based on total weight of the composition; or b) a flake-less printable composition of 5-75 wt % of bis(2-ethyl-1-hexylamine) copper (II) formate, bis(octylamine) copper (II) formate or tris(octylamine) copper (II) formate, 0.25-10 wt % of a polymeric binder and balance of at least one organic solvent, all weights based on total weight of the composition.

Abstract: An ink contains an admixture of a copper nanoparticle, a copper precursor molecule (e.g. a copper-aminediol complex), and a polymeric binder, the polymeric binder containing a polyester, polyimide, polyether imide or any mixture thereof having surface 5 functional groups that render the polymeric binder compatible with and/or soluble in a diol. The ink may be deposited on a substrate providing a trace that is conductive and directly solderable and has better mechanical strength than copper inks containing other types of polymeric binders.