Abstract: A gear mechanism is provided, having a gear arrangement, and a spindle arrangement to support the gear arrangement, the spindle arrangement having first, second, third and fourth spindles. The gear arrangement, of concentric gears only, that includes a first gear set mounted on the first and fourth spindles and arranged to be driven via a first pedal, a second gear set mounted on the second and fourth spindles and arranged to be driven via a second pedal, and a third gear set mounted on the third and fourth spindles, wherein, for each of the first and second gear sets, the gear set is configured to be alternately driven, via the corresponding pedal being rotated through less than 180°, in a power stroke to drive the third gear set, and, advanced, via the corresponding pedal being rotated through more than 180°, in a return stroke to commence a subsequent power stroke.

Abstract: A natural language understanding (NLU) framework includes an ensemble scoring system that uses received indicators, along with a set of ensemble scoring weights and ensemble scoring rules, to determine a respective ensemble score for each artifact of the utterance identified during inference. The ensemble scoring rules enable boosting of the respective ensemble score of an extracted intent of an utterance in response to a sufficient or important entity associated with the intent also being extracted from the utterance. Based on one or more ensemble scoring rules, the ensemble scoring system may refer to an intent-entity model to determine sufficient or important entities associated with an extracted intent, and boost the respective ensemble artifact score of the intent when the ensemble scoring system determines, with a suitable confidence, that a sufficient entity or important entity of the intent was extracted by the NLU framework during inference of the user utterance.

Abstract: A natural language understanding (NLU) framework includes an ensemble scoring system designed to receive indicators determined by various systems of the NLU framework when inferencing a user utterance. The ensemble scoring system uses the received indicators, along with a set of ensemble scoring weights, to determine a respective ensemble score for each artifact of the utterance identified during inference. For example, segmentations provided by a lookup source system may be used to boost scores of intent and/or entities identified during a meaning search operation of a NLU system. The NLU framework may also include an ensemble scoring weight optimization subsystem that automatically determines optimized ensemble scoring weight values from labeled training data using an optimization plugin. Accordingly, the NLU framework enables these indicators to be suitably weighted and combined to provide a desired level of performance (e.g.

Abstract: A natural language understanding (NLU) framework includes an a concept system that performs concept matching of user utterances. The concept system generates a concept cluster model from sample utterances of an intent-entity model, and then trains a machine learning (ML) concept model based on the concept cluster model. Once trained, the concept model receives semantic vectors representing potential concepts extracted from utterances, and provides concept indicators to an ensemble scoring system. These concept indicators include indications of which concepts of the concept model that matched to the potential concepts, which intents of the intent-entity model are related to these concepts, and concept-relationship scores indicating a strength and/or uniqueness of the relationship between each concept-intent combination.

Abstract: A natural language understanding (NLU) framework includes a lookup source system having one or more lookup sources. Each lookup source includes a respective source data representation that is compiled from respective source data. Once compiled, a user utterance can be submitted to the lookup source system, which generates segmentations of the user utterance. Each segmentation generally includes a collection of non-overlapping segments, and each segment generally describes how tokens of the user utterance can be grouped together and matched to the states of the source data representations. During lookup source inference, matches can be made to produced states or using fuzzy matchers that have corresponding of scoring adjustments. These scoring adjustments may be used by a segmentation scoring subsystem, potentially in combination with one or more additional segmentation scoring plugins, to score and rank the segmentations determined by the lookup source system for the user utterance.

Abstract: A gear mechanism is provided, having a gear arrangement, and a spindle arrangement to support the gear arrangement, the spindle arrangement having first, second, third and fourth spindles. The gear arrangement, of concentric gears only, that includes a first gear set mounted on the first and fourth spindles and arranged to be driven via a first pedal, a second gear set mounted on the second and fourth spindles and arranged to be driven via a second pedal, and a third gear set mounted on the third and fourth spindles, wherein, for each of the first and second gear sets, the gear set is configured to be alternately driven, via the corresponding pedal being rotated through less than 180°, in a power stroke to drive the third gear set, and, advanced, via the corresponding pedal being rotated through more than 180°, in a return stroke to commence a subsequent power stroke.

Abstract: The method includes providing a rigid mould (8, 150) with at a re-entrant cavity (96, 196). Mouldable material is provided on the rigid mould and the re-entrant cavity is filled to form a hook-like protuberance (36) on a surface of the moulded building product to facilitate, in use, the attachment of the building product to the structure of a building. The mouldable material sets to form a building product. The building product is removed from the mould. The re-entrant cavity has a resilient portion to facilitate the removal of the building product without detrimental affect to the hook-like protuberance. The so-formed building products have a greater resistance to inclement weather conditions. The building product may be a concrete roof tile formed by a roller and slipper extrusion method, a clay tile made by pressing in a clay tile press, or a cast concrete roof tile.

Abstract: The present invention is related to the development of a novel inter and intra multilamellar vesicular composition containing an antipsoriatic drug dithranol. The exquisitely structured mesophase made up of saturated phospholipids (which have an inherent antioxidant property and protect the lipid soluble molecules) at the micro range level improve the overall performance of the drug by way of modifying and controlling the release as well as the reactivity of the drug. Further, such microstructured system in conjunction with hydrocolloid gel makes the system rheologically more acceptable. Thus, the formulation so developed tends to make the drug molecules effective at a reduced dose level, non-irritant, non-staining, easily applicable (stays on the affected site) and stable as well. Besides this, there is an added advantage allowing an enhanced application time vis-ô-vis the short contact therapy presently practiced.

Abstract: The invention concerns a novel roof system comprising a plurality of roof insulation panels (4) moulded from foamed polystyrene or the like material, the panels being mounted on a roof structure, which may comprise conventional purlins and rafters with roof battens or a closed roof decking of timber or the like material. In either case, the panels are supported by the roof structure and in turn provide location and support for a plurality of roof tiles (6, 6a). In order to enhance the location and support of the roof tiles on the panels, the panels are provided with upstanding walls having re-entrant angled surfaces (32) for engagement by hook-like protuberances (60a, 60b, 61a, 61b) provided towards lower ends, in use, of the roof tiles. The roof tiles may be made from cementitious compositions, ceramic compositions or reconstituted slate materials. The roof system may also include reinforcement for the panels, which may be provided with for mutual interlocking engagement with sideways adjacent panels in use.

Abstract: The invention provides a roof assembly (2) comprising an outer roof component (4, 104, 204) that is arranged, in use, to be mutually interlocked with an inner roof component (6, 106, 206). The outer roof component (4, 104,204) comprises a depending key element (14) that is a snap-fit in an upwardly facing dovetail slot (36) provided in the inner roof component (6, 106, 206). Embodiments of the invention enable roofs of various pitches to be assembled, the components (204, 206) having mutually inter-engaging bulbous configurations for this purpose. The key element (14) and the inner roof component (6, 106, 206) are molded from foamed polystyrene. The invention also provides a method of forming a roof using the roof assembly (2).

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for facilitating the adaptation of shared data structures created in assembly language to differing memory models, compiler alignment constraints, and hardware alignment constraints. The use of these methods permits the assembler to create shared data structures that are transparently adapted to memory alignment differences introduced by the differing memory models and alignment constraints.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an improved process for the manufacture of concrete roof tiles having cut-back sidelock portions such that the tiles are flash free. The process involves the moulding of tiles on pallets which are provided with cut-away portions corresponding to the cut-back sidelock portions to be formed on the tiles and cutting the ribbon of mortar formed in a line of pallets with a knife which cuts the ribbon of mortar to form discrete tiles and to cut back the sidelock portions of the tiles at the same time. The tiles are flash free due to the action of the knife with the cut-away portions of the pallets.

Abstract: A roof tile making machine and its method of operation. The reinforcement ribs on the underside of a concrete roofing tile are formed during their manufacture by directing mortar into recesses in a pallet on which the tile is made, with a compactor means in the form of multi-tined wheels compacting the mortar in the recesses, and providing thereafter a secondary layer of mortar over the compacted reinforcement ribs, to complete the tile in a conventional manner. A tile provided by the apparatus of the invention has reinforcement ribs which are compacted to the same degree as the remainder of the tile, thereby ensuring that the finished product, when cured, has a uniform, or substantially uniform, strength.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing concrete roof tiles having the appearance of shake by providing the leading edges of successive tiles with a randomly shaped leading edge. The method comprises forming a ribbon of mortar on a series of tile forming pallets; and effecting rupture of the ribbon at joints between successive pallets by causing a leading pallet to accelerate away from the remaining pallets to create a gap therebetween.