Abstract: The present invention relates to an intelligent energy management system and an energy management method for a passive radio frequency tag. Digital conversion is performed on the amplitude of a DC signal absorbed and rectified by an inductance coil antenna of the tag, by providing an intelligent energy management module. The input terminal of the intelligent energy management module is respectively connected to a power supply voltage detection and judgment circuit and a demodulator circuit, and configured to judge the level of charge and enabling state of the tag; and the output terminal thereof is respectively connected to a discharge path, a bias current source and an analog circuit module, and configured to bring the analog circuit module into the optimal operating state according to the enabling state of the tag, or to turn-off/get dormant each analog circuit module thus to reduce power consumption of the tag and improve the sensitivity of the tag.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the technical field of radio frequency identification, in particular to a rectifier and limiter circuit having a plurality of time constants and a passive radio frequency tag containing this rectifier and limiter circuit. By applying analog control signals with different time constants to control terminals of two discharge paths of the rectifier and limiter circuit, respectively, i.e., adjusting the voltage amplitude at different switching speeds, switching the two discharge paths from a completely open state to a completely closed state is realized. Discharging is performed properly according to the amount of charge at antenna terminals and the level of energy of the tag, thus to improve the demodulation capacity of the tag and increase the read-write distance of the tag.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for enzymatically synthesizing an (oligo)peptide, comprising coupling (a) an (oligo)peptide C-terminal ester or thioester and (b) an (oligo)peptide nucleophile having an N-terminally unprotected amine, wherein the coupling is carried out in a fluid comprising water, and wherein the coupling is catalyzed by a subtilisin BPN? variant or a homologue thereof, which comprises the following mutations compared to subtilisin BPN? represented by SEQUENCE ID NO: 2 or a homologue sequence thereof: a deletion of the amino acids corresponding to positions 75-83; a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to S221, the mutation being S221C or S221 selenocysteine; preferably a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to P225 wherein the amino acid positions are defined according to the sequence of subtilisin BPN? represented by SEQUENCE ID NO: 2. Further, the invention relates to an enzyme suitable for use as a catalyst in a method of the invention.

Abstract: In the present invention, by connecting a band-gap reference voltage module unit to a threshold unit of a limiter circuit, the ON-voltage of the threshold unit can be dynamically and continuously controlled; and the output voltage value of the band-gap reference voltage module unit can be arbitrarily set as needed for operating the circuit. When a voltage of the antenna terminal is higher than the sum of this band-gap reference voltage value and the respective threshold voltage of the serial MOS transistors, the threshold unit is turned ON to switch on a grounded path, so that charge at the antenna is output to the ground; in this way, the amount of charge at the antenna terminal is reduced and the rectified DC voltage is thus reduced. When the voltage at the antenna terminal is lower than the sum of this band-gap reference voltage value and the respective threshold voltage of the serial MOS transistors, the threshold unit is turned off to switch off the grounded path.

Abstract: A time domain integrated temperature sensor described by the present invention adopts a shaped clock signal to control the charging time of capacitors, so that the capacitors generate charging time delay signals related to the cycle of an input clock, and a pulse signal related to pulse width, temperature and the cycle of the input clock is generated through logical XOR (Exclusive OR) operation on a time delay signal generated when the capacitors are charged by one way of PTAT (Proportional To Absolute Temperature) current in an above control manner and a time delay signal generated when the capacitors are charged by one way of CTAT (Complementary To Absolute Temperature) current in the same manner; then, the same input clock signal is adopted for quantifying the pulse width of the pulse signal, the relevance of the obtained quantization result and the cycle of the input clock is completely offset, namely, an output value of the temperature sensor is unrelated to the input clock signal, thereby solving the pr

Abstract: The present invention relates to an intelligent energy management system and an energy management method for a passive radio frequency tag. Digital conversion is performed on the amplitude of a DC signal absorbed and rectified by an inductance coil antenna of the tag, by providing an intelligent energy management module. The input terminal of the intelligent energy management module is respectively connected to a power supply voltage detection and judgment circuit and a demodulator circuit, and configured to judge the level of charge and enabling state of the tag; and the output terminal thereof is respectively connected to a discharge path, a bias current source and an analog circuit module, and configured to bring the analog circuit module into the optimal operating state according to the enabling state of the tag, or to turn-off/get dormant each analog circuit module thus to reduce power consumption of the tag and improve the sensitivity of the tag.

Abstract: In the present invention, by connecting a band-gap reference voltage module unit to a threshold unit of a limiter circuit, the ON-voltage of the threshold unit can be dynamically and continuously controlled; and the output voltage value of the band-gap reference voltage module unit can be arbitrarily set as needed for operating the circuit. When a voltage of the antenna terminal is higher than the sum of this band-gap reference voltage value and the respective threshold voltage of the serial MOS transistors, the threshold unit is turned ON to switch on a grounded path, so that charge at the antenna is output to the ground; in this way, the amount of charge at the antenna terminal is reduced and the rectified DC voltage is thus reduced. When the voltage at the antenna terminal is lower than the sum of this band-gap reference voltage value and the respective threshold voltage of the serial MOS transistors, the threshold unit is turned off to switch off the grounded path.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the technical field of radio frequency identification, in particular to a rectifier and limiter circuit controlled by switching signals and a passive radio frequency tag comprising the rectifier and limiter circuit. The rectifier and limiter circuit controlled by switching signals provided by the present invention converts DC signals, which are absorbed and rectified by an inductance coil antenna of a passive RFID tag, into high- and low-level signals and inputs the high- and low-level signals into the control input terminals of discharge paths of a rectifier circuit. The discharge paths are controlled to be opened or closed according to the amount of charge. The amplitude limiting control of the circuit voltage is realized by dynamically adjusting the voltage amplitude of a rectifier, thereby meeting the requirements on reliability of over-voltage protection of a semiconductor device on a chip and avoiding saturation of reception at the card reader side.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the technical field of radio frequency identification, in particular to a rectifier and limiter circuit having a plurality of time constants and a passive radio frequency tag containing this rectifier and limiter circuit. By applying analog control signals with different time constants to control terminals of two discharge paths of the rectifier and limiter circuit, respectively, i.e., adjusting the voltage amplitude at different switching speeds, switching the two discharge paths from a completely open state to a completely closed state is realized. Discharging is performed properly according to the amount of charge at antenna terminals and the level of energy of the tag, thus to improve the demodulation capacity of the tag and increase the read-write distance of the tag.

Abstract: A multicast message replication method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: step 1. storing a received message in a message cache module, and an inter-port replication module acquiring a cache address of the message, inter-port replication information of the message, and inner-port replication information of the message, replicating the cache address according to the inter-port replication information, and transmitting the replicated cache address and the corresponding inner-port replication information to a port queue module to be stored; step 2. a port scheduling module scheduling the cache address of the port queue module, and under the scheduling by the port scheduling module, the port queue module outputting a cache address for which message replication needs to be performed according to the stored corresponding inner-port replication information; step 3. the message cache module reading a corresponding message according to the cache address output by the port queue module and outputting.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a field of semiconductor design technologies. The present invention implements a sweep simulation method in which process corners are continuously swept in a simulation job, and a process corner a field is used as an independent variable, so that a simulation program outputs a waveform chart using the parameter values of the device model under various process corner conditions or performance response values of a testbench circuit under various process corner conditions as dependent variables.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of semiconductor design technologies. The present invention implements a sweep simulation method in which process corners are continuously swept in a simulation job, and a process corner is used as an independent variable, so that a simulation program outputs a waveform chart using the parameter values of a device model under various process corner conditions or the performance response values of a testbench circuit under various process corner conditions as a dependent variable.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of radio frequency, and provides a band-gap reference self-starting circuit and a passive radio frequency identification tag. The self-starting circuit comprises: a first switch device unit, configured to generate a first leakage current in an off state; a second switch device unit, configured to generate a second leakage current lower than the first leakage current in the off state, and generate a control voltage according to the first leakage current and the second leakage current; a control unit, configured to generate a starting control signal according to the control voltage; and a band-gap reference generating unit, configured to generate a reference voltage according to the starting control signal, and control the second switch device unit to enter dormancy using the reference voltage.

Abstract: A radio frequency identification (RFID) tag and a low dropout regulator (LDO) circuit consuming ultra-low power.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of radio frequency identification, in particular to a temperature measurement and calibration circuit and a passive radio frequency identification tag. Meanwhile, the present invention further relates to a method for performing temperature measurement by using the tag. The temperature measurement and calibration circuit of the tag generates an upper reference voltage value limit and a lower reference voltage value limit, which do not change with temperature, then calibrates the upper reference voltage value limit and the lower reference voltage value limit to a uniform upper voltage value limit and a uniform lower voltage value limit, and eliminates the problem of different reference voltages of tags due to the power supply voltage fluctuation and process deviation. Meanwhile, a temperature measurement voltage generator circuit of the tag generates a calibration voltage value under a uniform calibration temperature.

Abstract: A multicast message replication method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: step 1. storing a received message in a message cache module, and an inter-port replication module acquiring a cache address of the message, inter-port replication information of the message, and inner-port replication information of the message, replicating the cache address according to the inter-port replication information, and transmitting the replicated cache address and the corresponding inner-port replication information to a port queue module to be stored; step 2. a port scheduling module scheduling the cache address of the port queue module, and under the scheduling by the port scheduling module, the port queue module outputting a cache address for which message replication needs to be performed according to the stored corresponding inner-port replication information; step 3. the message cache module reading a corresponding message according to the cache address output by the port queue module and outputting.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of radio frequency, and provides a band-gap reference self-starting circuit and a passive radio frequency identification tag. The self-starting circuit comprises: a first switch device unit, configured to generate a first leakage current in an off state; a second switch device unit, configured to generate a second leakage current lower than the first leakage current in the off state, and generate a control voltage according to the first leakage current and the second leakage current; a control unit, configured to generate a starting control signal according to the control voltage; and a band-gap reference generating unit, configured to generate a reference voltage according to the starting control signal, and control the second switch device unit to enter dormancy using the reference voltage.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for calculating packet arrival time interval are provided by the present invention.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for calculating packet arrival time interval are provided by the present invention.

Abstract: A text-speech mapping method. Silence segments for incoming speech data are obtained. Incoming transcript data is preprocessed. The incoming transcript data comprises a written document of the speech data. Possible candidate sentence endpoints based on the silence segments are found. A best match sentence endpoint is selected based on a forced alignment score. The next sentence is set to begin immediately after the current sentence endpoint, and the process of finding candidate sentence endpoints, selecting the best match sentence endpoint, and setting the next sentence is repeated until all sentences for the incoming speech data are mapped. The process is repeated for each mapped sentence to provide word level mapping.