Abstract: A motherboard testing apparatus for testing a motherboard by subjecting it to sequential power-on and power-off modes includes a control module, a switch module and a display module. The control module stores power-on and power-off number of times and outputs control signals accordingly. The switch module provides a first voltage to the motherboard according to the control signals. The switch module includes a photocoupler and a delay. The photocoupler includes an LED and a phototransistor. The delay includes a winding element and a switch element. The display module displays the time periods and the number of times the motherboard abnormally power-on and power-off. The LED receives the control signals. The phototransistor turns on when the LED emits light. The winding element is powered up and closes the switch element. The switch element outputs the first voltage.

Abstract: A solder apparatus includes a platform, an operating mechanism, a solder member, a heater, and a control box module. The control box module includes a temperature controller and a temperature sensor. The temperature controller defines a predetermined temperature. The temperature sensor is capable of measuring the temperature of the solder member. The temperature controller has the heater heat the solder member when the measured temperature of the solder member is lower than or equal to the predetermined temperature, and has the heater stop heating the solder member, when the measured temperature of the solder member is higher than the predetermined temperature.

Abstract: A fan speed testing system includes a voltage regulating module, a rotational frequency collecting module, and a rotational frequency converting module. The voltage regulating module receives an AC voltage signal and converts the AC voltage signal to a variable first DC voltage signal to adjust a rotational speed of a fan. The rotational frequency collecting module detects the rotational speed of the fan and outputs rotational frequency signals. The rotational frequency converting module receives the rotational frequency signals and determines the rotational speed of the fan according to numbers and period of time level voltage switching in the rotational frequency signals.

Abstract: Methods and systems that automatically identify breast characteristics such as x-ray density and breast texture from initial x-ray images of the breast and automatically adjust process parameter setting of image processing algorithms that operate on the initial images to derive processing images suitable for display or further processing.

Abstract: An atomic clock at optical frequency based on atomic beam and a method for generating the atomic clock comprises: The atomic beam (8) is ejected from a pile mouth after heating an atomic pile (1) in a vacuum chamber (2); A laser (4) corresponding to frequency of a clock transition transfers the atomic beam (8) from a ground state of the clock transition to an excited state of the clock transition in a adiabatic passing mode; After interaction with the laser corresponding to the frequency of a clock transition, the atomic beam (8) passes a signal detection region with a detection laser (5), and after the interaction with the detection laser (5), each of the atoms gives off a photon of spontaneous emission; An emitted fluorescence photon signal from atoms which is excited by the detection laser (5) is explored; A clock laser (4) for exploring transition frequency of an atomic clock is modulated.

Abstract: This invention describes a collagen fiber reconstituted rawhide useful in the production of pet chews, and a method for making the same. Beginning materials include animal skins with hair, depilated limed splits and leftovers from the manufacture of rawhide pet chews. The materials are pretreated, ground, subjected to acid treatment to swell and separate the collagen fibers that comprise the animal hide, further ground into pulp, vacuum filtered, mixed with a dehydration agent that chemically shrinks the expanded fibers, drained, formed and dried into sheet and finally exposed to a cross-linking agent to increase the adhesive strength of the end product. Edible materials, including meats, may be added to the solution prior to draining, to enhance the nutritional value and palatability of the final product, and the reconstituted rawhide sheets may be bleached for appearance.

Abstract: A fan speed testing system for testing a testing fan includes a testing fan, a collecting module, a processing module, a converting module; and a displaying module. A label is attached to the testing fan and capable of rotating with the testing fan. The collecting module is configured to collect light reflected off of the label as the fan rotates in order to produce a pulse signal. The processing module is configured to adjust the pulse signal to be a standard square wave. The converting module is configured to obtain a fan speed data of the testing fan according to conversion times between high levels and low levels of the standard square wave. The displaying module is configured to display the fan speed data.

Abstract: A temperature control system includes a temperature sensing module, a temperature control module, a pulse width modulation control module, a heating module, a heat dissipating module, and a switch module. The temperature sensing module is configured to obtain a current ambient temperature in a test box. The temperature control module is configured to output a control signal according to a difference between the current ambient temperature and a reference temperature. The pulse width modulation control module is configured to output a pulse width modulation signal according to the control signal. The switch module is configured to instruct the heating module or the heat dissipating module according to the pulse width modulation signal to keep the current ambient temperature generally equal to the reference temperature in the test box.

Abstract: A method for securely communicating a message from a source node to a destination node over a network can comprise the steps of converting the message into an initial bit sequence, pre-processing the initial bit sequence by a modulo adding the initial bit sequence with an auxiliary key message, constructing a reduced network, determining a multitude of paths from the source node to the destination node over the reduced network, constructing an expanded bit sequence comprising the initial bit sequence and the auxiliary key message, splitting the expanded bit sequence into two or more parts, transmitting the two or more parts of the expanded bit sequence over two or more paths of the multitude of paths, re-assembling the two or more parts of the expanded bit sequence at the destination node, and recovering the initial bit sequence by modulo adding the expanded bit sequence with the auxiliary key message.

Abstract: Methods and systems that automatically identify breast characteristics such as x-ray density and breast texture from initial x-ray images of the breast and automatically adjust process parameter setting of image processing algorithms that operate on the initial images to derive processing images suitable for display or further processing.

Abstract: A heap organization for a multitasking virtual machine is described. The heap organization may comprise an execution engine to concurrently execute a plurality of tasks and a plurality of heaps coupled to the execution engine. In some embodiments, the plurality of heaps may comprise a system heap and a task heap separated from the system heap. The system heap may store system data accessible by the plurality of tasks. The task heap may store task data only accessible by one task of the plurality of tasks.

Abstract: A multitasking virtual machine is described. The multitasking virtual machine may comprise an execution engine to concurrently execute a plurality of tasks. The multitasking virtual machine may further comprise a heap organization coupled to the execution engine. The heap organization may comprise a system heap to store system data accessible by the plurality of tasks; and a plurality of task heaps. Each of the plurality of task heaps may be assigned to each of the plurality of tasks to store task data accessible by the assigned task. The multitasking virtual machine may further comprise a heap manager to manage the heap organization. The heap manager may comprise a heap size controller to control heap size of the system heap.

Abstract: An atomic clock at optical frequency based on atomic beam and a method for generating the atomic clock comprises: The atomic beam (8) is ejected from a pile mouth after heating an atomic pile (1) in a vacuum chamber (2); A laser (4) corresponding to frequency of a clock transition transfers the atomic beam (8) from a ground state of the clock transition to an excited state of the clock transition in a adiabatic passing mode; After interaction with the laser corresponding to the frequency of a clock transition, the atomic beam (8) passes a signal detection region with a detection laser (5), and after the interaction with the detection laser (5), each of the atoms gives off a photon of spontaneous emission; An emitted fluorescence photon signal from atoms which is excited by the detection laser (5) is explored; A clock laser (4) for exploring transition frequency of an atomic clock is modulated.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing the effect of soft errors in a computer system is provided. Soft errors are detected by combining software redundant threading and instruction duplication. Upon detection of a soft error, errors are recovered through the use of software check pointing/rollback technology. Reliable regions are identified by vulnerability profiling and redundant multi-threading is applied to the identified reliable regions.

Abstract: A method for blindly determining a channel impulse response (CIR) for a channel in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communications system includes constructing a matrix from two received signals. A singular value decomposition is performed on the matrix, which produces left and right singular matrixes. The right singular vector corresponding to the smallest singular value of the matrix is found, which yields the channel impulse response multiplied by an unknown scalar constant. The unknown scalar constant is then removed used known techniques. The method is data efficient, independent of the input symbol constellation, computationally efficient, and superior in performance compared with prior art blind algorithms.

Abstract: A method for blindly determining a channel impulse response (CIR) for a channel in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communications system includes constructing a matrix from two received signals. A singular value decomposition is performed on the matrix, which produces left and right singular matrixes. The right singular vector corresponding to the smallest singular value of the matrix is found, which yields the channel impulse response multiplied by an unknown scalar constant. The unknown scalar constant is then removed used known techniques. The method is data efficient, independent of the input symbol constellation, computationally efficient, and superior in performance compared with prior art blind algorithms.

Abstract: A method for real time message transmission in a token ring network is provided. The method initializes each node in the network, including setting a maximum message transmission time H.sub.i such that ##EQU1## is the transmission time of a message in a message stream, P.sub.i is the period length of the message stream, TTRT is the target token rotation time, and .tau. is the portion of TTRT that is unavailable to transmit messages. The messages are then transmitted when a token arrives at a node for the duration of H.sub.i. Using this method with the timed token protocol, the synchronous messages are guaranteed to be transmitted before their deadlines if the utilization of synchronous messages is no more than 33% of available utilization.

Abstract: A method for real time message transmission in a token ring network is provided. The method initializes each node in the network, including setting a maximum message transmission time H.sub.i for node i such that ##EQU1## where C.sub.i is the transmission time of a message in a message stream, P.sub.i is the period length of the message stream, and a is a non-negative constant between zero and one. The messages are then transmitted when a token arrives at a node for the duration of H.sub.i. Using this method with the timed token protocol, the synchronous messages are guaranteed to be transmitted before their deadlines if the utilization of synchronous messages is no more than ##EQU2## of available utilization.