Abstract: A method for determining at least one root cause of at least one detected anomaly in a network includes determining an influence score for each respective candidate anomaly of a plurality of candidate anomalies based on a correlation with other ones of the plurality of candidate anomalies, ranking the plurality of candidate anomalies based on the respective influence scores, updating, based on the ranked plurality of candidate anomalies, a rule engine by simplifying at least one of a Bayesian network or a conditional probability table, determining at least one root cause of the at least one detected anomaly based on the rule engine and the at least one detected anomaly, and displaying the at least one root cause.

Abstract: Aspects described herein relate to various methods, systems and apparatuses that can be used to define a network slice based on descriptions of the computing functions involved in a network service, and to configure the network slice using resources that are associated with the descriptions. For example, a network slice may be defined based on whether the network service requires tunneling or data encryption. The network slice may be configured using resources that perform those tunneling and data encryption functions.

Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting enforcement of end-to-end transaction latency for transaction-based applications and services are presented herein. The enforcement of a total end-to-end transaction latency for a transaction of a transaction-based application or service may be supported by associating a transaction latency budget with the transaction data of the transaction and updating the transaction latency budget during execution of the transaction to ensure that the transaction is completed within the total end-to-end transaction latency permitted for the transaction-based application or service. The enforcement of end-to-end transaction latency for transaction-based applications and services may be configured to enforce end-to-end transaction latency without the need for use of network-wide time synchronization (rather, all of the timing may be measured locally using local clocks of the elements in the end-to-end path of the application or service transaction).

Abstract: A method comprises: obtaining, based on communication-related data transmitted between a plurality of endpoint devices and at least one operations node, measured values of at least one performance indicator associated with one or more from the endpoint devices; dividing a region of interest into a plurality of grids, wherein the plurality of grids comprises one or more grids of interest each including at least one of said measured values; for a selected grid of interest, generating predicted values of the at least one performance indicator based on the at least one of said measured values; and for the selected grid of interest, determining a confidence interval based on said measured values and/or said predicted values and based on at least one target value of the at least one performance indicator set by a pre-determined target for the selected grid of interest.

Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting congestion control in a communication network are presented. Various example embodiments for supporting congestion control in a communication network may be configured to support protocol agnostic cognitive congestion control in the communication network. Various example embodiments for supporting protocol agnostic cognitive congestion control in a communication network may be configured to support protocol agnostic cognitive congestion control in the communication network by enabling a sending node of a path over which a set of flows is to be communicated to determine the minimum target transmission rate among the links along the path over which the flows are to be communicated and to use the minimum target transmission rate among the links along the path over which flows are to be communicated in order to control transmission of packets over the path at Layer 3 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model.

Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting multi-tier deterministic networking are presented. Various example embodiments for supporting multi-tier deterministic networking may be configured to support provisioning of deterministic flows in multi-tier deterministic networking. Various example embodiments for supporting multi-tier deterministic networking may be configured to support adaptive deterministic routing in multi-tier deterministic networks. Various example embodiments for supporting multi-tier deterministic networking may be configured to support score-based deterministic routing in multi-tier deterministic networks. Various example embodiments for supporting multi-tier deterministic networking may be configured to support adaptive deterministic routing and/or score-based deterministic routing in multi-tier deterministic networks based on analysis of a state representation for path and/or sub-path selection in multi-tier deterministic networks.

Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting congestion control in a communication network are presented. Various example embodiments for supporting congestion control in a communication network may be configured to support protocol agnostic cognitive congestion control in the communication network. Various example embodiments for supporting protocol agnostic cognitive congestion control in a communication network may be configured to support protocol agnostic cognitive congestion control in the communication network by enabling a sending node of a path over which a set of flows is to be communicated to determine the minimum target transmission rate among the links along the path over which the flows are to be communicated and to use the minimum target transmission rate among the links along the path over which flows are to be communicated in order to control transmission of packets over the path at Layer 3 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model.

Abstract: An application specific interface (AA-NAPI) associated with an application for the purpose of controlling the networking aspects of the application session is provided by communication service provider (CSP). Cost model of network service types associated with a specific application type is learned by using the AA-NAPI. For each service-point joining the session, network properties are queried by using the AA-NAPI. During continuous service quality monitoring, upon detection of quality degradation leading to the decision to upgrade session quality, network service-type associated with a specific server-point is changed by using the AA-NAPI. Network specific actions are taken to reconfigure the network so that the requested service type is received by the specific service-point. New network capability is activated to improve network service level by using the AA-NAPI.

Abstract: A network node configured to transmit packets to a destination node in a packet network, includes at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the network node to: assemble at least a first packet including a plurality of data units, each of the plurality of data units being grouped into one of a connection group, a network function group or an application group; and transmit the first packet to the destination node.

Abstract: An application specific interface (AA-NAPI) associated with an application for the purpose of controlling the networking aspects of the application session is provided by communication service provider (CSP). Cost model of network service types associated with a specific application type is learned by using the AA-NAPI. For each service-point joining the session, network properties are queried by using the AA-NAPI. During continuous service quality monitoring, upon detection of quality degradation leading to the decision to upgrade session quality, network service-type associated with a specific server-point is changed by using the AA-NAPI. Network specific actions are taken to reconfigure the network so that the requested service type is received by the specific service-point. New network capability is activated to improve network service level by using the AA-NAPI.

Abstract: The embodiments relate to a method, comprising transforming a physical environment into a three-dimensional (3D) digital representation; mapping the 3D digital representation to a feature vector representation to generate a set of features; determining a performance of a wireless network at the physical environment; enabling a machine learning algorithm to learn mapping between the determined performance and the generated set of features; generating a virtual layout of the environment; and generating performance prediction by means of the machine learning algorithm inferring a performance corresponding to the generated virtual layout. The embodiments also relate to technical equipment for implementing the method.

Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting dynamic node cluster discovery in a communication network are presented. Various example embodiments for supporting dynamic node cluster discovery in a communication network may be configured to support dynamic node cluster discovery based on circulation of discovery messages within the communication network. Various example embodiments for supporting dynamic node cluster discovery based on the circulation of discovery messages within the communication network may be configured to support dynamic node cluster discovery based on probabilistic forwarding of discovery messages within the communication network. Various example embodiments for supporting dynamic node cluster discovery based on the circulation of discovery messages within the communication network may be configured to support dynamic node cluster discovery based on updating and forwarding of discovery messages within the communication network.

Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting multi-tier deterministic networking are presented. Various example embodiments for supporting multi-tier deterministic networking may be configured to support provisioning of deterministic flows in multi-tier deterministic networking. Various example embodiments for supporting multi-tier deterministic networking may be configured to support adaptive deterministic routing in multi-tier deterministic networks. Various example embodiments for supporting multi-tier deterministic networking may be configured to support score-based deterministic routing in multi-tier deterministic networks. Various example embodiments for supporting multi-tier deterministic networking may be configured to support adaptive deterministic routing and/or score-based deterministic routing in multi-tier deterministic networks based on analysis of a state representation for path and/or sub-path selection in multi-tier deterministic networks.

Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting flow reliability in deterministic networking are presented. Various example embodiments for supporting flow reliability in deterministic networking may be configured to support flow reliability in deterministic networking based on control over frame replication and elimination for deterministic flows. Various example embodiments for supporting flow reliability in deterministic networking based on control over frame replication and elimination for deterministic flows may be configured to control replication and elimination of redundant flows providing redundancy for deterministic flows based on dynamic activation and deactivation of the redundant flows based on monitoring of flow continuity of the deterministic flows.

Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting multi-tier deterministic networking are presented. Various example embodiments for supporting multi-tier deterministic networking may be configured to support provisioning of deterministic flows in multi-tier deterministic networking. Various example embodiments for supporting multi-tier deterministic networking may be configured to support adaptive deterministic routing in multi-tier deterministic networks. Various example embodiments for supporting multi-tier deterministic networking may be configured to support score-based deterministic routing in multi-tier deterministic networks. Various example embodiments for supporting multi-tier deterministic networking may be configured to support adaptive deterministic routing and/or score-based deterministic routing in multi-tier deterministic networks based on analysis of a state representation for path and/or sub-path selection in multi-tier deterministic networks.

Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting dynamic node cluster discovery in a communication network are presented. Various example embodiments for supporting dynamic node cluster discovery in a communication network may be configured to support dynamic node cluster discovery based on circulation of discovery messages within the communication network. Various example embodiments for supporting dynamic node cluster discovery based on the circulation of discovery messages within the communication network may be configured to support dynamic node cluster discovery based on probabilistic forwarding of discovery messages within the communication network. Various example embodiments for supporting dynamic node cluster discovery based on the circulation of discovery messages within the communication network may be configured to support dynamic node cluster discovery based on updating and forwarding of discovery messages within the communication network.

Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting flow reliability in deterministic networking are presented. Various example embodiments for supporting flow reliability in deterministic networking may be configured to support flow reliability in deterministic networking based on control over frame replication and elimination for deterministic flows. Various example embodiments for supporting flow reliability in deterministic networking based on control over frame replication and elimination for deterministic flows may be configured to control replication and elimination of redundant flows providing redundancy for deterministic flows based on dynamic activation and deactivation of the redundant flows based on monitoring of flow continuity of the deterministic flows.

Abstract: A method for routing traffic between a source node and a destination node in a network comprises: identifying a first group level at which a source group vector and a destination group vector differ; obtaining one or more first route segments between a first source group and a first destination group at the first group level; computing an end-to-end route between the source node and the destination node based on at least the one or more first route segments; and routing traffic between the source node and the destination node on the end-to-end route.

Abstract: A network node configured to transmit packets to a destination node in a packet network, includes at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the network node to: assemble at least a first packet including a plurality of data units, each of the plurality of data units being grouped into one of a connection group, a network function group or an application group; and transmit the first packet to the destination node.

Abstract: Aspects described herein relate to various methods, systems and apparatuses that can be used to define a network slice based on descriptions of the computing functions involved in a network service, and to configure the network slice using resources that are associated with the descriptions. For example, a network slice may be defined based on whether the network service requires tunneling or data encryption. The network slice may be configured using resources that perform those tunneling and data encryption functions.