Abstract: Apparatus for adjusting the circadian rhythm of a subject in a space by producing a variable light intensity level on a continuous basis in which there is a light source and the light output from the source made available to the subject in the space is controlled in response to a control signal which varies in a manner corresponding to the solar and lunar altitude of a predetermined geographical location and the passage of time over a selected time interval of the day at predetermined geographical location.

Abstract: Counting circuitry in the vertical synchronizing circuit of a video receiver is prevented from generating vertical control signals at a fixed, standard periodicity when the video signal transmitted to that receiver exhibits a changing field interval which varies above and below that standard period. At least one of the vertical pulses in the vertical period of each field interval as well as plural equalizing pulses in the post equalizing period in that field interval are deleted from the video signal. To minimize perturbations in the video picture displayed from that video signal, the time of occurrence of the first vertical pulse in selected field intervals is shifted.

Abstract: A composite television signal is modified to inhibit the reproduction of an unauthorized recording thereof by conventional video recorders but enable the display of a video picture therefrom on a television receiver. The length of a frame (more particularly, the length of each field in a frame) is increased or decreased from standard length, either by changing the time duration of the respective horizontal line intervals included in each frame while keeping a constant, standard (e.g. 525) number of lines per frame, or by changing the number of horizontal line intervals which constitute a frame while maintaining the standard duration of each line interval (e.g. 63.5 microseconds). A profile pattern representing the variation of the video frame duration, or vertical period, (whether by changing the horizontal line durations or the number of lines in a frame) with respect to time is adjustable to correspondingly control the rate at which the vertical period (i.e.

Abstract: A method of using a card which has a substrate with at least one magnetic track thereon, the method involving dividing the track into a plurality of spaced blocks with a start sentinel being magnetically recorded at the start of each block. A user's critical data is recorded in at least some of the blocks, this critical data including a portion of the user's personal identification number. The method further includes enhancing the security of a cash card by recording in variable locations on the cash card the last date when the user has had a transaction with a terminal, recording in scrambled locations on the card balance information plus security information and storing in a terminal a set of descrambling tables. The user introduces the card into the terminal and enters the user's personal identification number associated with the card.