Abstract: Controlled phase shift in the operation of an RF antenna element is achieved by selectively choosing between different modes of antenna element resonance. Additional phase control resolution is achieved by combining this with other types of phase shifters. Such phase shifters are especially useful within a phased array of RF antenna radiator elements.

Abstract: An antenna structure and associated method are disclosed that provides a lightweight and reduced-cost antenna element. The antenna structure may include a printed circuit board material coupled to a support structure. The printed circuit board may include electrical circuitry patterns and may have components mounted thereon to provide desired transmit and receive functionality, for example, to provide radio frequency transmit/receive functionality along with phase shifter and control circuitry. The support structure may be a light-weight material, for example, a space-qualified foam material that is strong and light-weight. The combined antenna structure of the present invention may thereby form a strong, rigid and light-weight antenna structure that may be used as sub-array elements in an antenna array, such as an ESA system.

Abstract: Micromechanical microwave switches with both ohmic and capacitive coupling of rf lines and integration in multiple throw switches useful in microwave arrays.

Abstract: A memory system for analogue data includes a plurality of semiconductor charge device shift registers integrated on a semiconducor substrate. In one embodiment analogue data is serially inputed into a charge-coupled device (CCD) shift register. The serial data is converted to parallel and propagates at a substantially slower speed through a plurality of shift registers. A parallel-to-serial conversion provides a serial readout of the data. The serial-parallel-serial arrangement of the memory significantly reduces the number of transfers required to propagate one bit of data through the memory and provides correspondingly improved outputs. In a different aspect of the invention, a plurality of bits of digital data are transformed into a single analogue signal effecting a reduction in size of the memory for equal storage capability.