Abstract: A system to determine a contamination level of a formation fluid, the system including a formation tester tool to be positioned in a borehole, wherein the borehole has a mixture of the formation fluid and a drilling fluid and the formation tester tool includes a sensor to detect time series measurements from a plurality of sensor channels. The system includes a processor to dimensionally reduce the time series measurements to generate a set of reduced measurement scores in a multi-dimensional measurement space and determine an end member in the multi-dimensional measurement space based on the set of reduced measurement scores, wherein the end member comprises a position in the multi-dimensional measurement space that corresponds with a predetermined fluid concentration. The processor also determines the contamination level of the formation fluid at a time point based the set of reduced measurement scores and the end member.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a subsurface sensor in a borehole to provide a measurement series, a first processor, and a machine-readable medium having program code. The program code causes the apparatus to obtain the measurement series and generate a combination of functions based on the measurement series, wherein the combination of functions includes a subset of functions from a basis function library. The system also generate a set of values and communicates the set of values to a second processor, wherein the set of values includes a function identifier and corresponding function weight. The second processor is to generate a set of reconstructed measurement series based on the set of values and determine at least one of a formation property, a fluid property, and a well status based on the set of reconstructed measurement series.

Abstract: An optical element may be fabricated by applying foreign or attenuating material, for example, a copper material or a material that includes copper, to a silicon dioxide thin film to form a layer that exhibits extraordinary optical absorption in the infrared wavelength region of at or about 2500-4700 nanometers. The foreign material may comprise or include a transition metal. The optical element exhibits increased accuracy and sensitivity in the infrared wavelength region of at or about 2500-4700 nanometers. The at or about 2500-4700 nanometers absorption property of the optical element can be selectively tuned to any region within this at or about 2500-4700 nanometers wavelength region. The optical element may comprise multiple layers of varying thicknesses to further tune the optical element to one or more spectral bands. Such an optical element may be utilized in a formation fluid analysis tool or an eye protection device.

Abstract: A method and system for measuring drilling fluid filtrate. The method may comprise disposing a downhole fluid sampling tool into a wellbore at a first location, activating a pump to draw a solids-containing fluid disposed in the wellbore into the downhole fluid sampling tool, drawing the drilling fluid with the pump across the at least one filter to form a drilling fluid filtrate, drawing the drilling fluid filtrate with the pump through the channel to the at least one sensor section, and measuring the drilling fluid filtrate with the at least one sensor. A system may comprise a downhole fluid sampling tool. The downhole fluid sampling tool may comprise at least one multi-chamber section, at least one sensor section, at least one filter, a pump, and a channel.

Abstract: A neural network update method, a classification method and an electronic device thereof are provided. The neural network update method includes obtaining input data of the neural network; identifying an active neuron and an inactive neuron from among at least one neuron included in the neural network; and based on an information bottleneck of the at least one neuron, training the neural network based on the input data while maintaining information bottleneck of the active neuron.

Abstract: A method may comprise positioning a downhole fluid sampling tool into a wellbore, performing a pressure test operation within the wellbore, performing a pumpout operation within the wellbore, identifying when a clean fluid sample may be taken by the downhole fluid sampling tool from at least the pressure test operation and the pumpout operation, and acquiring the clean fluid sample from the wellbore. A system may comprise a downhole fluid sampling tool and an information handling machine. The downhole fluid sampling tool may further comprise one or more probes attached to the downhole fluid sampling tool, one or more stabilizers attached to the downhole fluid sampling tool, and a sensor placed in the downhole fluid sampling tool configured to measure drilling fluid filtrate.

Abstract: A method and system for performing a pressure test. The method may comprise inserting a formation testing tool into a wellbore to a first location within the wellbore, identifying one or more tool parameters of the formation testing tool, performing a first pre-test with the pressure transducer when the pressure has stabilized to identify formation parameters, inputting the formation parameters and the one or more tool parameters into a forward model, changing the one or more tool parameters to a second set of tool parameters; performing a second pre-test with the second set of tool parameters; and comparing the first pre-test to the second pre-test. A system may comprise at least one probe, a pump disposed within the formation testing tool, at least one stabilizer, a pressure transducer disposed at least partially in the at least one fluid passageway, and an information handling system.

Abstract: An image data processing method and apparatus, an image display method and apparatus, and a computer-readable storage medium and a display device. The image data processing method includes: obtaining initial image data of a to-be-displayed image, wherein each pixel in the to-be-displayed image comprises a white sub-pixel and a plurality of color sub-pixels; determining a target stimulus value corresponding to each pixel based on the initial image data, wherein the target stimulus value corresponding to each pixel is negatively correlated with color saturation of each pixel; and updating the initial image data to obtain target image data, wherein a stimulus value of the white sub-pixel of each pixel in the target image data is the target stimulus value corresponding to each pixel.

Abstract: An image display method, a display system, and a computer-readable storage medium are disclosed. The image display method includes: acquiring a first image; determining a first region and a second region in the first image; performing a first rendering algorithm on the first region in the first image and performing a second rendering algorithm on the second region in the first image, so as to obtain a second image, where a rendering resolution of the first rendering algorithm is greater than a rendering resolution of the second rendering algorithm; and displaying the second image.

Abstract: A method and system for performing a pressure test. The method may include inserting a formation testing tool into a wellbore to a first location within the wellbore based at least in part on a figure of merit. The formation testing tool may include at least one probe, a pump disposed within the formation testing tool and connect to the at least one probe by at least one probe channel and at least one fluid passageway, and at least one stabilizer disposed on the formation testing tool. The method may further include activating the at least one stabilizer, wherein the at least one stabilizer is activated into a surface of the wellbore and performing the pressure test and determining at least one formation property from the pressure test.

Abstract: A method for designing a tool string for use in a wellbore includes receiving a merit function, and determining, with a computing system and based on the merit function, a tool string design for a tool string. The merit function comprises one or more defined objectives for performing a process in a wellbore. The tool string design comprises an indication of one or more tools used to form a tool string for performing the process in the wellbore, and the tool string design satisfies the merit function.

Abstract: A method for filling holes in a naked-eye 3D multi-viewpoint image is provided, comprising: sequentially performing a step of mapping, determining and marking row by row, comprising mapping two first pixels adjacent to each other in a row direction among a plurality of first pixels in a reference camera image to two second pixels in a virtual camera image, determining whether there is a hole between the two second pixels, and if so, marking the hole; and sequentially performing a step of scanning, assessing and filling row by row, comprising scanning two second pixels adjacent to each other in a row direction, assessing whether there is a marked hole between the two adjacent second pixels, and filling the marked hole according to at least one non-zero second pixel which is adjacent to the marked hole.

Abstract: A driving method for a pixel array is provided. The driving method includes: amplifying an input image to obtain an intermediate image; calculating display parameters of each actual pixel unit based on display parameters of the intermediate theoretical pixel units of the intermediate image; and generating actual image signals based on the calculated display parameters of each actual pixel unit and inputting the actual image signals to the actual pixel units of the pixel array, respectively.

Abstract: Methods and systems for implementing and utilizing radiometric characterization in combination with reference material characterization of an optical sensor to more accurately and efficiently measure material properties are disclosed. In some embodiments, a method for for optically measuring material properties includes an optical sensor being radiometrically characterized based on measured optical responses. A model is generated and includes model components of the optical sensor. A parameterized model is generated by fitting n variable parameters of the model components using the optical responses. The optical sensor is utilized to measure an optical response to a reference material and a re-parameterized model is generated by re-fitting m of the n variable parameters of the model components based, at least in part, on the measured optical response to the reference material, wherein m is less than n.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an encoding method and an encoder for a (n, n(n?1), n?1) permutation group code in a communication modulation system, in which 2k k-length binary information sequences are mapped to 2k n-length permutation codeword signal points in a n-dimensional modulation constellation ?n. The constellation ?n with the coset characteristics is formed by selecting 2k n-length permutation codewords from n(n?1) permutation codewords of a code set Pn,xi of the (n, n(n?1), n?1) permutation group code based on coset partition. The constellation ?n is a coset code in which 2k1 cosets are included and each coset includes 2k2 permutation codewords, where k=k1+k2, and 2k?n(n?1). The present disclosure utilizes the coset characteristics to realize one-to-one correspondence mapping of the binary information sequence set to the permutation code constellation, so that the time complexity of executing the encoder is at most the linear complexity of the code length n.

Abstract: An integrated computing element for an optical computing device includes a flexible optical substrate. The integrated computing element also includes at least one optical thin film deposited on a first surface of the flexible optical substrate. The at least one optical thin film is configured to selectively pass fractions of electromagnetic radiation at different wavelengths.

Abstract: A method may comprise positioning a downhole fluid sampling tool into a wellbore, performing a pressure test operation within the wellbore, performing a pumpout operation within the wellbore, identifying when a clean fluid sample may be taken by the downhole fluid sampling tool from at least the pressure test operation and the pumpout operation, and acquiring the clean fluid sample from the wellbore. A system may comprise a downhole fluid sampling tool and an information handling machine. The downhole fluid sampling tool may further comprise one or more probes attached to the downhole fluid sampling tool, one or more stabilizers attached to the downhole fluid sampling tool, and a sensor placed in the downhole fluid sampling tool configured to measure drilling fluid filtrate.

Abstract: A method and system for performing a pressure test. The method may comprise inserting a formation testing tool into a wellbore to a first location within the wellbore, identifying one or more tool parameters of the formation testing tool, performing a first pre-test with the pressure transducer when the pressure has stabilized to identify formation parameters, inputting the formation parameters and the one or more tool parameters into a forward model, changing the one or more tool parameters to a second set of tool parameters; performing a second pre-test with the second set of tool parameters; and comparing the first pre-test to the second pre-test. A system may comprise at least one probe, a pump disposed within the formation testing tool, at least one stabilizer, a pressure transducer disposed at least partially in the at least one fluid passageway, and an information handling system.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for performing a contamination estimation of a downhole sample comprising at least a formation fluid and a filtrate. A plurality of downhole signals are obtained from the downhole sample and one or more of the signals are conditioned. At least two of the conditioned signals or downhole signals are fused into a multivariate dataset. A principle component analysis (PCA) is performed on the fused multivariate dataset to determine optical and density properties of the formation fluid. Based on at least the PCA, optical and density properties of the filtrate are determined. From the optical and density properties of the formation fluid and of the filtrate, a multivariate calculation is performed to generate concentration profiles of the formation fluid and the filtrate.

Abstract: An image display processing method for a display device, an image display processing device, a display device and a storage medium are provided. The display device includes a backlight unit, the backlight unit includes a plurality of backlight blocks and is driven by a local dimming mode, and the image display processing method includes: acquiring a regional eigenvalue of each backlight block of an (n)th frame image and a regional eigenvalue of each backlight block of an (n?1)th frame image; and performing a peak driving processing on a backlight luminance of each backlight block of the (n)th frame image, based on a preset threshold, the regional eigenvalue of each backlight block of the (n)th frame image and the regional eigenvalue of each backlight block of the (n?1)th frame image, so as to acquire an adjusted backlight luminance of each backlight block of the (n)th frame image.