Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a method for measuring two-dimensional distribution of an industrial irradiation dose based on sprouting lag time of spores, and provides a film for measuring distribution of an industrial irradiation dose. The method includes the following steps: (1) manufacturing the film: spreading a layer of spore suspension flat on a plane of a carrier, and evaporating a suspension solvent to fix a layer of spore pixel surface on the plane of the carrier; covering the carrier with a glass lid to form a sprouting cavity to cover the spore pixel surface within the sprouting cavity; and providing the glass lid with a filling hole configured to add a sprouting agent; (2) obtaining a calibration curve; and (3) measuring the irradiation dose.

Abstract: A two coupler apparatus for interconnecting two scaffolding members wherein at least one coupler is defined by: a base interconnected to a second coupler and a lever hinged to the base. The base and the lever define a pocket for laterally receiving a length of a scaffold member. An arm is hinged to the base and the lever has a slot sized to receive the arm. The arm defines a hole positioned to extend beyond the lever when the arm is within the slot. A wedge is adapted for insertion through the hole to slidably move against the lever when the arm extends within the slot to wedge the arm within the lever whereby the scaffold member is locked within the at least one coupler.

Abstract: A two coupler apparatus for interconnecting two scaffolding members wherein at least one coupler is defined by: a base interconnected to a second coupler and a lever hinged to the base. The base and the lever define a pocket for laterally receiving a length of a scaffold member. An arm is hinged to the base and the lever has a slot sized to receive the arm. The arm defines a hole positioned to extend beyond the lever when the arm is within the slot. A wedge is adapted for insertion through the hole to slidably move against the lever when the arm extends within the slot to wedge the arm within the lever whereby the scaffold member is locked within the at least one coupler.

Abstract: A coupling apparatus is comprised of three couplers for interconnecting three scaffolding members. The locking devices for the couplers may be of a bolt-and-nut configuration or, advantageously, of a wedge and arm, tapered circular wedge and arm or over-centre hand-lever.

Abstract: A coupling apparatus is comprised of three couplers for interconnecting three scaffolding members. The locking devices for the couplers may be of a bolt-and-nut configuration or, advantageously, of a wedge and arm, tapered circular wedge and arm or over-centre hand-lever.