Abstract: The invention relates to the combination of genes MADSA, FPF1 or MADSB and FPF1 for flowering induction. As a result, the flowering time of useful and ornamental plants can be regulated while taking a balanced development of the plants into consideration.

Abstract: A method for improving imaging properties of two or more optical elements comprises the step of determining for at least one of the two optical elements a polarisation-dependent perturbation. In a further step a polarisation-independent perturbation is determined for at least one of the two optical elements. Then a target position for the at least one movable optical element is calculated such that, in the target position, the total perturbation of the at least two optical elements which is made up of the polarisation-dependent perturbations and polarisation-independent perturbations of the two optical elements, is minimized. Finally the at least one movable optical element is moved the to the calculated target position.

Abstract: A method for improving imaging properties of two or more optical elements comprises the step of determining for at least one of the two optical elements a polarisation-dependent perturbation. In a further step a polarisation-independent perturbation is determined for at least one of the two optical elements. Then a target position for the at least one movable optical element is calculated such that, in the target position, the total perturbation of the at least two optical elements which is made up of the polarisation-dependent perturbations and polarisation-independent perturbations of the two optical elements, is minimized. Finally the at least one movable optical element is moved the to the calculated target position.

Abstract: An optical reproduction system, which can be configured for example as a catadioptric projection lens. This system includes an optical axis and a first deflection mirror, which is tilted in relation to the optical axis at a given tilt angle. One of the deflection mirrors has a ratio Rsp of the reflection coefficient Rs for s-polarised light to the reflection coefficient Rp for p-polarised light, in an incidence angle range that includes the tilt angle, of greater than one, whereas the corresponding ratio for the other deflection mirror is less than one. The deflection mirrors thus ensure that the polarization-dependant influence of the travel light remains minimal.

Abstract: A method for improving imaging properties of two or more optical elements comprises the step of determining for at least one of the two optical elements a polarisation-dependent perturbation. In a further step a polarisation-independent perturbation is determined for at least one of the two optical elements. Then a target position for the at least one movable optical element is calculated such that, in the target position, the total perturbation of the at least two optical elements which is made up of the polarisation-dependent perturbations and polarisation-independent perturbations of the two optical elements, is minimized. Finally the at least one movable optical element is moved the to the calculated target position.