Abstract: A method of synthesizing an oligonucleotide using a nanofluidic device including a plurality of nanopore channels, a plurality of electrodes, and an electrolyte solution, includes coupling a primer to an inner wall of a nanopore channel of the plurality of nanopore channels, the primer having a protecting group. The method also includes applying a voltage to an electrode of the plurality of electrodes that corresponds to the nanopore channel to produce an acid from the electrolyte solution at the electrode. The electrode includes an anode and a cathode disposed at opposite sides of the nanopore channel. The method further includes the acid removing the protecting group from the primer. Moreover, the method includes coupling a nucleotide to the primer with the protecting group removed to form an intermediate product. In addition, the method includes repeating the steps on the intermediate product until the oligonucleotide is synthesized.

Abstract: A nanopore device for detecting charged biopolymer molecules and defining a nanochannel, includes a first gating nanoelectrode addressing a first end of the nanochannel. The device also includes a second gating nanoelectrode addressing a second end of the nanochannel opposite the first end. The device further includes a first sensing nanoelectrode addressing a first location in the nanochannel between the first and second ends.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing an oligonucleotide using a nanofluidic device including a plurality of nanopore channels, a plurality of electrodes, and an electrolyte solution, includes coupling a primer to an inner wall of a nanopore channel of the plurality of nanopore channels, the primer having a protecting group. The method also includes applying a voltage to an electrode of the plurality of electrodes that corresponds to the nanopore channel to produce an acid from the electrolyte solution at the electrode. The electrode includes an anode and a cathode disposed at opposite sides of the nanopore channel. The method further includes the acid removing the protecting group from the primer. Moreover, the method includes coupling a nucleotide to the primer with the protecting group removed to form an intermediate product. In addition, the method includes repeating the steps on the intermediate product until the oligonucleotide is synthesized.

Abstract: A method of detecting a pathogen uses a 3D nanochannel device having top and bottom chambers, and a plurality of nanochannels. The method also includes functionalizing a nanochannel by coupling an oligonucleotide probe to an inner surface thereof. The method further includes adding a lysis buffer and patient sample to the top chamber. Moreover, the method includes extracting an oligonucleotide from the patient sample. In addition, the method includes placing top and bottom electrodes in the top and bottom chambers respectively and applying an electrophoretic bias therethrough. The method also includes applying a selection bias across first and second gating nanoelectrodes to direct flow of the oligonucleotide through the nanochannel. Moreover, the method includes applying a sensing bias through a sensing nanoelectrode. In addition, the method includes detecting an output current from the sensing nanoelectrode, and analyzing the output current from the sensing nanoelectrode to detect the oligonucleotide.

Abstract: A method of determining an oligonucleotide methylation percentage includes providing a 3D nanopore device having top and bottom chambers, and a 3D nanochannel array disposed therein. The method also includes purifying an oligonucleotide, and functionalizing the 3D nanochannel array by coupling an oligonucleotide probe. The method further includes forming an oligonucleotide solution having a known concentration, and adding the oligonucleotide solution to the top and bottom chambers. Moreover, the method includes placing top and bottom electrodes in the top and bottom chambers respectively, applying an electrophoretic bias between the top and bottom electrodes, applying a selection bias across first and second gating nanoelectrodes, applying a sensing bias through a sensing nanoelectrode in the 3D nanopore device.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing an oligonucleotide using a nanofluidic device including a plurality of nanopore channels, a plurality of electrodes, and an electrolyte solution, includes coupling a primer to an inner wall of a nanopore channel of the plurality of nanopore channels, the primer having a protecting group. The method also includes applying a voltage to an electrode of the plurality of electrodes that corresponds to the nanopore channel to produce an acid from the electrolyte solution at the electrode. The electrode includes an anode and a cathode disposed at opposite sides of the nanopore channel. The method further includes the acid removing the protecting group from the primer. Moreover, the method includes coupling a nucleotide to the primer with the protecting group removed to form an intermediate product. In addition, the method includes repeating the steps on the intermediate product until the oligonucleotide is synthesized.

Abstract: A nanopore device for detecting charged biopolymer molecules and defining a nanochannel, includes a first gating nanoelectrode addressing a first end of the nanochannel. The device also includes a second gating nanoelectrode addressing a second end of the nanochannel opposite the first end. The device further includes a first sensing nanoelectrode addressing a first location in the nanochannel between the first and second ends.