Abstract: An ultrasound crystallization device includes a tubular crystallization reactor (102) for conducting process fluid containing substance to be crystallized, an ultrasound source (104) for radiating ultrasound to the tubular crystallization reactor, and a temperature-control structure (105) for controlling the temperature of the process fluid with the aid of temperature-control fluid. The tubular crystallization reactor is shaped to conduct the process fluid to flow around the ultrasound source, and the temperature-control structure comprises a flow-guide structure (106) for guiding at least a part of the temperature-control fluid to flow around the ultrasound source. The flow-guide structure improves the accuracy of the temperature control of the process fluid and also the ability of the temperature control to react to changes.

Abstract: A filter element for a filter apparatus includes at least one filter member and a frame member arranged to support the at least one filter member in such a manner that an internal cavity is formed. The filter member includes a permeable membrane layer which has a first filter surface for receiving a pressure and directed towards an internal cavity arranged in-side the filter element, and a second filter surface for receiving solid particles filtered from a feed. The filter member forms a capillary filter.

Abstract: A vacuum belt filter including a belt with a plurality of vacuum boxes, filter means being arranged to the vacuum boxes, drive means for moving the belt, and a suction station for creating an underpressure to the vacuum boxes at the suction station. In order to enable liquid-solid separation at low energy costs and long service interval of the vacuum belt filter, the filter means is in the form of a capillary filter, each vacuum box being provided with such a filter and each vacuum box being provided with an outlet having a check valve enabling a fluid flow from the inside space of the vacuum box to the outside of the vacuum box for creating an underpressure in the vacuum box when the suction station is connected to the vacuum box.

Abstract: A method for separating organic solvent(s) from an aqueous process stream including organic solvent(s), includes passing the aqueous stream including organic solvent(s) through a granular bed including glass granules, wherein at least 90% of said glass granules have a maximum particle diameter smaller than 1.0 mm.

Abstract: An ultrasound crystallization device comprises a tubular crystallization reactor (102) for conducting process fluid containing substance to be crystallized, an ultrasound source (104) for radiating ultrasound to the tubular crystallization reactor, and a temperature-control structure (105) for controlling the temperature of the process fluid with the aid of temperature-control fluid. The tubular crystallization reactor is shaped to conduct the process fluid to flow around the ultrasound source, and the temperature-control structure comprises a flow-guide structure (106) for guiding at least a part of the temperature-control fluid to flow around the ultrasound source. The flow-guide structure improves the accuracy of the temperature control of the process fluid and also the ability of the temperature control to react to changes.

Abstract: A system for determining a leak flow of a vacuum system of a vacuum filter includes a controller for adjusting speed of a filtration media of the vacuum filter and/or for adjusting supply rate of slurry onto the filtration media. The system includes a pressure sensor for determining pressure difference affecting over the filtration media and a layer of the slurry carried by the filtration media, and a device for determining flow rate through a vacuum pump that maintains the pressure difference. The speed of the filtration media and/or the supply rate of the slurry is/are adjusted so that the slurry is fully saturated by liquid along a whole filtration area affected by the pressure difference. Thus, fluid flow through the layer of the slurry is negligible and therefore the determined flow rate is indicative of the leak flow of the vacuum system.

Abstract: A method for separating organic solvent(s) from an aqueous process stream including organic solvent(s), includes passing the aqueous stream including organic solvent(s) through a granular bed including glass granules, wherein at least 90% of said glass granules have a maximum particle diameter smaller than 1.0 mm.

Abstract: A vacuum belt filter including a belt with a plurality of vacuum boxes, filter means being arranged to the vacuum boxes, drive means for moving the belt, and a suction station for creating an underpressure to the vacuum boxes at the suction station. In order to enable liquid-solid separation at low energy costs and long service interval of the vacuum belt filter, the filter means is in the form of a capillary filter, each vacuum box being provided with such a filter and each vacuum box being provided with an outlet having a check valve enabling a fluid flow from the inside space of the vacuum box to the outside of the vacuum box for creating an underpressure in the vacuum box when the suction station is connected to the vacuum box.

Abstract: A filter element for a filter apparatus includes at least one filter member and a frame member arranged to support the at least one filter member in such a manner that an internal cavity is formed. The filter member includes a permeable membrane layer which has a first filter surface for receiving a pressure and directed towards an internal cavity arranged in-side the filter element, and a second filter surface for receiving solid particles filtered from a feed. The filter member forms a capillary filter.

Abstract: Magnetic elements are provided inside a ceramic filter plate for creating a magnetic field. In an embodiment of the invention, magnetic elements are located in cavities provided in partition walls which define filtrate channels between themselves. The filter plate can be used for increasing filtration capacity particularly in magnetite applications. The magnetic field causes an attractive force on the magnetic particles and thus increases the amount of material forming on the filter plate in a vacuum filter, such as a capillary action filter, conventional rotary vacuum filter or drum filter or capillary action drum filter.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ceramic filter element (22) for removal of liquid from solids containing material in a capillary suction dryer. The filter element comprises a ceramic substrate covered by a sintered ceramic microporous layer (31). The sintered microporous membrane layer is provided with coarse solid particles (71) of a particle size larger than a pore size of the membrane material layer (31) so as to form a textured surface (50) which prevents a filter cake from sliding off the surface of the filter element prior to the intended cake discharge.

Abstract: A liquid extraction filter, more particularly a continuous-action, top-feed, vacuum drum filter includes a drum structure and filter elements, the filtration surface of which filter elements is formed of microporous hydrophilic material such that when filtering with a partial vacuum it is impervious to the surrounding air.

Abstract: The object of the invention is a liquid extraction filter, more particularly a continuous-action, top-feed, vacuum drum filter. What is essential in the invention is that the filter comprises a drum structure (1) and filter elements (2), the filtration surface of which filter elements is formed of microporous hydrophilic material such that when filtering with a partial vacuum it is impervious to the surrounding air.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microporous filter plate to be used in a suction drier, particularly in a capillary filter, the filter plate of which contains a membrane with a mean pore size of about 1 micrometer, a substrate, whereon the membrane is positioned, and a recessed area in the interior of the filter plate with cavities for a filtrate and for a backwash liquid. According to the invention the recessed area in the interior of the filter plate is provided with supporting elements, in which the ratio between the longest dimension and the shortest dimension is in maximum 1.5 in the cross-section parallel to the filtration surface of the filter plate, for allowing liquid to flow essentially simultaneously and easily in all directions and for the structure of the filter plate being durable for stresses based on pressure peaks.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filter element and its manufacture to be used in removal of liquid from solids containing material to be dried in a capillary suction dryer which filter element contains a ceramic microporous layer having the pore size under 5 micrometer and supported by a ceramic internal layer having recess areas for liquid flowing. The internal layer is made of at least one substrate which continuously surrounds at least one recess area and which ceramic internal layer is surrounded by at least one essentially continuous microporous surface layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filter element for removing moisture contained in a material to be dried and for creating a filter cake of the material to be dried on the filtering surface of the filter element. According to the invention, the filtering surface (1. 6) the filter element (11) is composed of at least two parts (2,3;7,8) where mutually different filtering conditions can be created in order to form a filter cake containing at least one component to be filtered on the whole filtering surface (1,6) of the filter element (11).

Abstract: The invention relates to a filtration method where the material to be filtered is brought into contact with the filtering surface of a filtering medium arranged in a suction drier, and on the filtering surface for the filtering medium, there is formed a filter cake, and the filter cake is subjected to a drying process constituting at least one step prior to removing the filter cake from the filtering surface of the filtering medium. According to the invention, in the filter cake drying process there is performed at least one drying step (12,22,32,42) during which gas is prevented from flowing through the filtering medium, and at least one drying step (13,23,33,44) during which gas flows through the filtering medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filter element and its manufacture to be used in removal of liquid from solids containing material to be dried in a capillary suction dryer which filter element contains a ceramic microporous layer having the pore size under 5 micrometer and supported by a ceramic internal layer having recess areas for liquid flowing. The internal layer is made of at least one substrate which continuously surrounds at least one recess area and which ceramic internal layer is surrounded by at least one essentially continuous microporous surface layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filter element and its manufacture to be used in removal of liquid from solids containing material to be dried in a capillary suction dryer which filter element contains a ceramic microporous layer having the pore size under 5 micrometer and supported by a ceramic internal layer having recess areas for liquid flowing. The internal layer is made of at least one substrate which continuously surrounds at least one recess area and which ceramic internal layer is surrounded by at least one essentially continuous microporous surface layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for making the drying of materials, particularly finely divided materials, more effective, in which method, of a slurry containing liquid and solids there is made a filter cake (2,12,22) onto the surface of the filter medium (1,11,21). According to the invention, the filter cake (2,12,22) and the oscillator (6,15,25) are arranged, in relation to each other, so that in between the filter cake (2,12,22) and the oscillator (6,15,25), there is generated an acoustic field by virtue of a mechanical contact between the filter cake (2,12,22) and the oscillator (6,15,25) or a structural element (7,16,26) connected to the oscillator.