Abstract: A process for the production of hydrogen with the co-production and capture of carbon dioxide, wherein the process comprises steam methane reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock in the presence of a fuel and a combustion sustaining medium using (i) a steam methane reformer unit that comprises a steam methane reformer (SMR), and (ii) a water gas shift unit, so as to result in the production of a reformed gas stream comprising hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and a combustion products stream. The process comprises the steps of: (a) separating and removing most or all of the hydrogen from the reformed gas stream; and then (b) recovering most or all of the carbon dioxide as a separate by-product stream by condensation of liquid carbon dioxide from the gas stream; and then (c) recycling the remaining gases from the gas stream by mixing these gases with the SMR feed stream. The fuel used is principally hydrogen, for example the fuel may contain 95 mol % or more hydrogen when measured on a dry basis.