Abstract: A concrete additive for a reinforced concrete composite is provided. The additive can have an exfoliated clay having an exfoliated layered silicate plate comprising structure, and at least one of an oligomer or polymer linking at least a portion of said silicate plate comprising structure. The additive can have a dispersant between the silicate plates. The clay can include sodium or calcium montmorillonite or a phosphatic clay. The oligomer or polymer can include polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: According to various embodiments, devices, systems, and methods are provided for controlling a compactive effort delivered to a soil by a compaction unit. A device, according to one embodiment, includes a compaction unit (13) that delivers a compactive effort to soil, first and second sensing units (12, 14) that measure the first and second sensing data at a discrete global position at a first and second point in time, respectively, a comparing unit that compares the first and second sensing data, and a control unit (18) that modifies the compactive effort delivered to the soil by the compaction unit based on the comparison between the first and second sensing data. The discrete global position is in front of the compaction unit in the direction of travel of the compaction unit at the first point in time and is behind the compaction unit at the second point in time.

Abstract: A concrete additive for a reinforced concrete composite is provided. The additive can have an exfoliated clay having an exfoliated layered silicate plate comprising structure, and at least one of an oligomer or polymer linking at least a portion of said silicate plate comprising structure. The additive can have a dispersant between the silicate plates. The clay can include sodium or calcium montmorillonite or a phosphatic clay. The oligomer or polymer can include polyvinyl alcohol.