Abstract: Methods for dynamically triggering a Flow Control (FC) configuration change. The methods, which can be performed by a wireless device and/or a base station, involve determining whether there is a need to trigger the FC configuration change and triggering the FC configuration change in response to determining that the FC configuration change is needed. The FC configuration change includes switching between an FC activated state, in which FC and aggregation are enabled and Active Queue Management (AQM) is configured for a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) Service Data Unit (SDU) buffer, and an FC deactivated state, in which FC and aggregation are disabled and AQM is configured for a Radio Link Control (RLC) SDU buffer. By dynamically triggering the FC configuration change, it is possible to enable FC and aggregation based on traffic volume on a Radio Bearer (RB) such that the benefit of aggregation can be realized when needed.

Abstract: A method for allowing a user equipment to determine whether Service Area Identities (SAIs) of a list of SAIs are current SAIs or neighboring SAIs by: receiving a list of SAIs from a network node, where the list is indicative of Service Areas capable of providing the broadcasted service to the user equipment and comprise at least one current SAI and at least one neighboring SAI; identifying, in the list, the SAIs as arranged into two distinguishable groups, where a first group comprise the at least one current SAI and a second group comprise the at least one neighboring SAI, and distinguishing, based on the arrangement of the list, current SAIs from neighboring SAIs. A method is also disclosed for arranging a SAI list into the two distinguishable groups by a network node.

Abstract: A control node (140; 150) of a cellular network establishes one or more control plane sessions with a gateway node (160). On the basis of these one or more control plane sessions with the gateway node (160), the control node (140; 150) also establishes one or more control plane sessions with one or more radio access network nodes (112, 114; 122, 24) to control multicast transmissions by the one or more radio access network nodes (112, 14; 122, 124). Further, the control node (140; 150) detects a connection failure to the gateway node (160). When detecting the connection failure, the control node (140; 150) starts a first timer. Further, also the gateway node (160) detects the connection failure. When detecting the connection failure, the gateway node (160) starts a second timer. The second timer is configured with a longer duration than the first timer.

Abstract: It is provided a method for allocating a plurality of multimedia broadcast and multicast service, MBMS, sessions, the method being performed in one of a plurality of network nodes of an MBMS single frequency network. The method comprises the steps of: receiving an MBMS session event for one of the plurality of MBMS sessions; calculating a number of subframes needed within an allocation period to transmit the plurality of MBMS sessions of the single frequency network based on a guaranteed bitrate and quality of service, QoS, associated with each one of the MBMS sessions and a modulation and coding scheme, MCS, that is set for each QoS; determining a subframe pattern for the subframes within the allocation period; allocating the plurality of sessions within the subframe pattern according to a predetermined order, based on a guaranteed bitrate and; and transmitting a result of the allocating.

Abstract: A control node (140; 150) of a cellular network establishes one or more control plane sessions with a gateway node (160). On the basis of these one or more control plane sessions with the gateway node (160), the control node (140; 150) also establishes one or more control plane sessions with one or more radio access network nodes (112, 114; 122, 24) to control multicast transmissions by the one or more radio access network nodes (112, 14; 122, 124). Further, the control node (140; 150) detects a connection failure to the gateway node (160). When detecting the connection failure, the control node (140; 150) starts a first timer. Further, also the gateway node (160) detects the connection failure. When detecting the connection failure, the gateway node (160) starts a second timer. The second timer is configured with a longer duration than the first timer.

Abstract: A method for allowing a user equipment to determine whether Service Area Identities (SAIs) of a list of SAIs are current SAIs or neighboring SAIs by: receiving a list of SAIs from a network node, where the list is indicative of Service Areas capable of providing the broadcasted service to the user equipment and comprise at least one current SAI and at least one neighboring SAI; identifying, in the list, the SAIs as arranged into two distinguishable groups, where a first group comprise the at least one current SAI and a second group comprise the at least one neighboring SAI, and distinguishing, based on the arrangement of the list, current SAIs from neighboring SAIs. A method is also disclosed for arranging a SAI list into the two distinguishable groups by a network node.

Abstract: An electrochemical device is provided, comprising a source contact connected to a first antenna pad, a drain contact connected to a second antenna pad, at least one gate electrode, an electrochemically active element arranged between, and in direct electrical contact with, the source and drain contacts, which electrochemically active element comprises a transistor channel and is of a material comprising an organic material having the ability of electrochemically altering its conductivity through change of redox state thereof, and a solidified electrolyte in direct electrical contact with the electrochemically active element and the at least one gate electrode and interposed between them in such a way that electron flow between the electrochemically active element and the gate electrode(s) is prevented. In the device, flow of electrons between source contact and drain contact is controllable by means of a voltage applied to the gate electrode(s).

Abstract: An electrochemical device is provided, comprising a source contact connected to a first antenna pad, a drain contact connected to a second antenna pad, at least one gate electrode, an electrochemically active element arranged between, and in direct electrical contact with, the source and drain contacts, which electrochemically active element comprises a transistor channel and is of a material comprising an organic material having the ability of electrochemically altering its conductivity through change of redox state thereof, and a solidified electrolyte in direct electrical contact with the electrochemically active element and said at least one gate electrode and interposed between them in such a way that electron flow between the electrochemically active element and said gate electrode(s) is prevented. In the device, flow of electrons between source contact and drain contact is controllable by means of a voltage applied to the gate electrode(s).

Abstract: A paper- or cardboard-based security product and a method of manufacturing it. The product comprises a paper or a cardboard which is equipped with an identifiable security symbol. According to the present invention, the security symbol comprises a layer in the product, one which consists of a synthetic, electrically conductive polymer, the conductivity of which has been changed locally to form an electrically conductive or, alternatively, electrically non-conductive figure. Furthermore, a figure indicating the security symbol has been fitted on the surface of the paper or the cardboard product. A security product according to the present invention can be produced simply by first applying a conductive polymer, for instance in a non-conductive form, onto a paper, after which an acidic figure is printed in such as way that the area below the figure becomes conductive. The figure can be detected and in this way it acts as a guarantee of authenticity for the product.

Abstract: An electrochemical device is provided, comprising a source contact connected to a first antenna pad, a drain contact connected to a second antenna pad, at least one gate electrode, an electrochemically active element arranged between, and in direct electrical contact with, the source and drain contacts, which electrochemically active element comprises a transistor channel and is of a material comprising an organic material having the ability of electrochemically altering its conductivity through change of redox state thereof, and a solidified electrolyte in direct electrical contact with the electrochemically active element and the at least one gate electrode and interposed between them in such a way that electron flow between the electrochemically active element and the gate electrode(s) is prevented. In the device, flow of electrons between source contact and drain contact is controllable by means of a voltage applied to the gate electrode(s).