Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) extractor includes: a first bandpass filter electrically connected between a shared antenna port and a first RF port, disposed in a first chip, and having a first passband; a second bandpass filter electrically connected between the shared antenna port and a second RF port, and disposed in a second chip, and having a second passband; a first notch filter electrically connected to the shared antenna port, disposed in the first chip, and having a first stopband partially overlapping the first passband; and a second notch filter electrically connected to the shared antenna port, disposed in the second chip, and having a second stopband partially overlapping the second passband.

Abstract: The first battery module and the second battery module are connected by a bus-bar. A cell voltage sensing circuit shared by at least some battery cells of the first battery module and at least some battery cells of the second battery module measures a voltage of each battery cell.

Abstract: In a battery apparatus, a battery pack includes a plurality of battery modules and a bus-bar connecting two battery modules among the plurality of battery modules. A wire connects the battery pack and the switch for controlling current supply of the battery pack. A voltage measuring circuit measures a voltage of the bus-bar, a voltage of the battery pack, and voltages of the plurality of battery modules. A processor diagnoses a connection status of the bus-bar and a connection status of the wire based on a current of the battery pack, the voltage of the bus-bar, the voltage of the battery pack, and the voltages of the plurality of battery modules.

Abstract: A communication module includes: a substrate; a supplementary substrate disposed to surround an electronic element mounted on a lower surface of the substrate; a molding material configured to seal an electronic element mounted on an upper surface of the substrate; and a shielding layer disposed on a side surface and an upper surface of the molding material, a side surface of the supplementary substrate, and a side surface of the substrate. The supplementary substrate includes: a plurality of first pads disposed on an upper surface of the supplementary substrate; a plurality of second pads disposed on a lower surface of the supplementary substrate; a plurality of vias connecting the plurality first pads to the plurality of second pads; and a ground pad disposed on the side surface of the supplementary substrate. The ground pad includes an extender connected to a corresponding first pad and a corresponding second pad.

Abstract: A communication module includes: a substrate; a supplementary substrate disposed to surround an electronic element mounted on a lower surface of the substrate; a molding material configured to seal an electronic element mounted on an upper surface of the substrate; and a shielding layer disposed on a side surface and an upper surface of the molding material, a side surface of the supplementary substrate, and a side surface of the substrate. The supplementary substrate includes: a plurality of first pads disposed on an upper surface of the supplementary substrate; a plurality of second pads disposed on a lower surface of the supplementary substrate; a plurality of vias connecting the plurality first pads to the plurality of second pads; and a ground pad disposed on the side surface of the supplementary substrate. The ground pad includes an extender connected to a corresponding first pad and a corresponding second pad.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus includes a substrate, a transmission antenna disposed on the substrate, and an auxiliary substrate disposed in an upper portion of the transmission antenna and having a radio wave guide unit having a horn shape. The auxiliary substrate further includes an insulator and a second metal pattern disposed in the radio wave guide unit on the insulator.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus includes a substrate, a transmission antenna disposed on the substrate, and an auxiliary substrate disposed in an upper portion of the transmission antenna and having a radio wave guide unit having a horn shape. The auxiliary substrate further includes an insulator and a second metal pattern disposed in the radio wave guide unit on the insulator.