Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure are directed to performing hierarchical queries based on summary reporting from an application programming interface (API) for digital content estimation. Performing the hierarchical queries can include denoising API outputs while ensuring consistency across different levels of a hierarchy. Performing the hierarchical queries can further include optimizing a privacy budget across different levels of the hierarchy.

Abstract: An additive, formamidinium iodide and a preparation method therefor, a perovskite solar cell, a solar power generation apparatus, and an electrical apparatus. The additive includes a reducing agent. By incorporating the reducing agent in the additive and using the additive to prepare formamidinium iodide, generation of elemental iodine in the preparation process of formamidinium iodide can be reduced; in addition, iodine which has been oxidized to elemental iodine can be reduced to iodine anions so as to generate formamidinium iodide. The stability of formamidinium iodide is improved, and thus the stability and efficiency of perovskite cells are improved.

Abstract: A perovskite battery and an electric device are disclosed. The perovskite battery includes a substrate; a perovskite layer, where the perovskite layer is disposed on one side of the substrate; a passivation layer, where the passivation layer is disposed on at least one side of the perovskite layer, the passivation layer includes a passivation material, the passivation material includes anions and cations, a volume of the anions is V1, a volume of the cations is V2, and V1>V3>V2, where V3 is a volume of a largest defect in the perovskite layer; and an electrode layer, where the electrode layer is disposed on a side of the passivation layer facing away from the perovskite layer.

Abstract: A functional material, a passivation film, a solar cell, a photovoltaic module, and a photovoltaic system are disclosed. The functional compound is represented by formula (1): where formula (2) represents a nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic group having 5 to 60 ring atoms or an aromatic amine group having 6 to 60 ring atoms, substituted by n2 R2 groups, and at least one nitrogen atom in formula (2) is bonded to n1 -LR1 groups; in each occurrence, L is independently selected from linear alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; at least one of R1 and R2 is selected from —CHO, —C(O)R4, —C(O)NH2, —C(O)SH, —C(S)SH, —OH, or —SH; R4 is selected from any one of substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and n1 is an integer ?1, and n2 is an integer ?1.

Abstract: A preparation method of bimetallic catalysts based on anthracene frameworks and use thereof in olefin polymerization is reported. Anthrecene frameworks were introduced, heat resistance of the catalysts is improved, and by changing central metals and configurations of the frameworks, steric and electronic effects of the metal catalysts of this model can be adjusted and controlled conveniently, and polyolefin polymer materials of different structures and different properties can be prepared, the bimetallic catalyst can be used in ethylene homopolymerization for preparation of high density polyethylene, ethylene/1-octene copolymerization for preparation of polyolefin elastomers and ethylene/norbornene copolymerization for preparation of cycloolefin copolymers.

Abstract: Provided are a perovskite precursor and a preparation method, a perovskite material and a preparation method, a perovskite thin film, a perovskite precursor slurry, a perovskite solar cell and a preparation method, and an electric device. The perovskite precursor includes a precursor substrate and doping ions. The doping ions include at least one of alkali metal ions, alkaline earth metal ions, transition metal ions, group IIIA element ions, acid radical ions, and halogen ions. At least a part of the doping ions are embedded into a crystal lattice of the precursor substrate.

Abstract: Related are a fullerene composite material and a preparation method therefor, a perovskite solar cell and a preparation method therefor, and an electrical device. The fullerene composite material includes a host material and a doping material, where the host material includes at least one of a first fullerene and a first fullerene derivative, the doping material is selected from at least one of a second fullerene and a second fullerene derivative, and a molecular structure of the doping material is partially embedded in a lattice of the first fullerene and/or the first fullerene derivative.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a perovskite solar cell comprising at least an electrode, an electron transport layer, a hole transport layer, a perovskite layer and a passivation layer. In the perovskite solar cell, the passivation layer may contain a passivator, the passivatormay comprise an aza fused bicyclic compound and/or an organic salt formed from the aza fused bicyclic compound and an acid, each fused ring in the aza fused bicyclic compound may be independently a five-membered or six-membered saturated ring, unsaturated ring or aromatic ring, the fused ring of the aza fused bicyclic compound may contain 1-5 nitrogen atoms, and the fused ring may be an unsubstituted ring or a ring substituted with one or two substituents having 1-3 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a perovskite solar cell comprising at least an electrode, an electron transport layer, a hole transport layer, a perovskite layer and a passivation layer. In the perovskite solar cell, the passivation layer may contain a passivator, the passivatormay comprise an aza fused bicyclic compound and/or an organic salt formed from the aza fused bicyclic compound and an acid, each fused ring in the aza fused bicyclic compound may be independently a five-membered or six-membered saturated ring, unsaturated ring or aromatic ring, the fused ring of the aza fused bicyclic compound may contain 1-5 nitrogen atoms, and the fused ring may be an unsubstituted ring or a ring substituted with one or two substituents having 1-3 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A polymer comprises repeating units represented by formula (I): -M-R-Y- formula (I), wherein in the formula (I), M is selected from substituted or unsubstituted anilino, substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl, substituted or unsubstituted acridinyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenothiazinyl or substituted or unsubstituted phenoxazinyl; R is selected from substituted or unsubstituted C1-C10 alkyl; and Y is selected from carboxyl or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, or a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof.

Abstract: This application discloses a method for recovering lead iodide from a perovskite solar battery, and a recycling system. The method for recovering lead iodide from a perovskite solar battery includes the following steps: pretreating a recycled perovskite solar battery to obtain perovskite; putting the perovskite into a second solvent to dissolve lead iodide to obtain a lead iodide-containing solution; and mixing the lead iodide-containing solution with a third solvent to precipitate the lead iodide, and collecting a lead iodide precipitate. A boiling point of the third solvent is lower than a boiling point of the second solvent. The recycling system for recovering lead iodide from a perovskite solar battery includes: a recycled perovskite solar battery stripping apparatus, a lead iodide extraction apparatus, and a lead iodide precipitate separation apparatus.

Abstract: The present application provides an organic compound and use thereof, a passivation film, a solar battery, and an electrical apparatus. The organic compound is as shown in formula (1) or is an oxyacid radical salt of the compound as shown in formula (1), wherein Ar is selected from any one of substituted or unsubstituted aryl with 6 to 50 ring atoms, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl with 5 to 50 ring atoms, or substituted arylamino as shown in formula (A); L is selected from acyclic alkylene with 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and R1 is an oxyacid group. The organic compound is capable of improving photon-to-electron conversion efficiency and stability of a solar battery device.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses a system and method for predicting a vibration of a bicycle when being rode on a road. The method first uses a pressure film to obtain a contact interface between a road and a bicycle tire, and then, based on the contact interface, a unit bearing area (Bu) and an average stress peak distance (Spa) are calculated. Next, taking the above parameters as variables, a predicted vibration value (Pv) is calculated based on calculation formulas provided by the present disclosure. Finally, the predicted vibration value Pv is compared with a comfort-level threshold perceived by a cyclist of the present disclosure, which can quickly and effectively grade and predict a comfort level when riding a bicycle on a section of an asphalt road.

Abstract: The present application provides a perovskite solar cell, including conductive glass, a hole transport layer, a perovskite layer, an electron transport layer and a back electrode, where a passivation layer may be disposed between the hole transport layer and the perovskite layer, and the passivation layer may include an amide and/or a cation thereof, where the amide may include a compound of formula (1) and/or formula (2): where R1 and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen, —R, —NR2, —NHR, —NH2, —OH, —OR, —NHCOR, —OCOR, and —CH2COOH, where R represents a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms, m is an integer of 0 to 10; and n is an integer of 1 to 10; and where Ar is selected from a C5-C10 aryl or heteroaryl group.

Abstract: The present application provides a perovskite solar cell, including conductive glass, a hole transport layer, a perovskite layer, an electron transport layer and a back electrode, where a passivation layer may be disposed between the hole transport layer and the perovskite layer, and the passivation layer may include an amide and/or a cation thereof, where the amide may include a compound of formula (1) and/or formula (2): where R1 and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen, —R, —NR2, —NHR, —NH2, —OH, —OR, —NHCOR, —OCOR, and —CH2COOH, where R represents a straight or branched chain alkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms, m is an integer of 0 to 10; and n is an integer of 1 to 10; and where Ar is selected from a C5-C10 aryl or heteroaryl group.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a perovskite solar cell comprising at least an electrode, an electron transport layer, a hole transport layer, a perovskite layer and a passivation layer. In the perovskite solar cell, the passivation layer may contain a passivator, the passivatormay comprise an aza fused bicyclic compound and/or an organic salt formed from the aza fused bicyclic compound and an acid, each fused ring in the aza fused bicyclic compound may be independently a five-membered or six-membered saturated ring, unsaturated ring or aromatic ring, the fused ring of the aza fused bicyclic compound may contain 1-5 nitrogen atoms, and the fused ring may be an unsubstituted ring or a ring substituted with one or two substituents having 1-3 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A preparation method of bimetallic catalysts based on anthracene frameworks and use thereof in olefin polymerization is reported. Anthrecene frameworks were introduced, heat resistance of the catalysts is improved, and by changing central metals and configurations of the frameworks, steric and electronic effects of the metal catalysts of this model can be adjusted and controlled conveniently, and polyolefin polymer materials of different structures and different properties can be prepared, the bimetallic catalyst can be used in ethylene homopolymerization for preparation of high density polyethylene, ethylene/1-octene copolymerization for preparation of polyolefin elastomers and ethylene/norbornene copolymerization for preparation of cycloolefin copolymers.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses a system and method for predicting a vibration of a bicycle when being rode on a road. The method first uses a pressure film to obtain a contact interface between a road and a bicycle tire, and then, based on the contact interface, a unit bearing area (Bu) and an average stress peak distance (Spa) are calculated. Next, taking the above parameters as variables, a predicted vibration value (Pv) is calculated based on calculation formulas provided by the present disclosure. Finally, the predicted vibration value Pv is compared with a comfort-level threshold perceived by a cyclist of the present disclosure, which can quickly and effectively grade and predict a comfort level when riding a bicycle on a section of an asphalt road.

Abstract: A method for industrial production of a butadiene-isoprene copolymer rubber having a trans-1,4-structure (TBIR) and an apparatus for implementing the method. The production method includes: pumping a predetermined amount of a butadiene and an isoprene into a polymerization reactor, and performing bulk polymerization in the presence of a catalyst to obtain TBIR; performing extrusion, devolatilization, granulation and drying on the produced TBIR, and then packaging the produced TBIR; and separating unreacted monomers by a recovery and separation device followed by separately refining the unreacted monomers, and then returning the unreacted monomers to a batching device or a storage tank. The production apparatus has a recovery and refining unit, a polymerization unit, a post-treatment unit and a utility unit. By the production apparatus and the production method industrial production of TBIR by bulk polymerization is realized.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method and an apparatus for evaluating a degree of injury of a rider's head colliding with a pavement and a test method for testing the apparatus. An impact acceleration of a head model falling from a certain height and hitting the pavement is obtained through a self-made test apparatus, a TBS value is calculated after processing the obtained impact acceleration, and a possibility of the degree of the injury to the rider's head colliding on a test pavement after falling is obtained by inquiring a look-up table of possibility of injury degree of the head of the rider corresponding to the TBS provided by the present disclosure, for evaluating safety hazard when falling on the pavement.