Abstract: In accordance with yet another aspect of the present invention, an active imaging system is provided for imaging a target of interest. An imaging assembly includes a light source and an optical assembly comprising a plurality of passive optical components. The optical assembly divides received light into a first beam, having a first polarization and a second beam, having a second, orthogonal polarization, directs the first and second beam along respective first and second optical paths within the optical assembly, and recombines the first and second beams into a combined beam. A sensor detects the combined beam.

Abstract: In accordance with yet another aspect of the present invention, an active imaging system is provided for imaging a target of interest. An imaging assembly includes a light source and an optical assembly comprising a plurality of passive optical components. The optical assembly divides received light into a first beam, having a first polarization and a second beam, having a second, orthogonal polarization, directs the first and second beam along respective first and second optical paths within the optical assembly, and recombines the first and second beams into a combined beam. A sensor detects the combined beam.

Abstract: A lens having a reflective surface, and systems that use such a lens. The lens includes a transmissive part for passing a portion of an incident light beam, and a reflective part for reflecting a portion of the incident light beam, and the reflective part is preferably substantially non-transmissive. Such a lens may be particularly suitable in systems that include a back monitor photo detector that is used for sampling and controlling the output power of a light source.

Abstract: An optical coupler having two refractive lenses for coupling an optoelectronic element and an optical medium to each other. One lens may be in contact with the optical medium. The refractive index of the one lens may be similar to the index of the optical medium. The optoelectronic element may be a light source or a detector. The light source may be a laser. The lenses may be glass ball lenses. One of the ball lenses may be a half ball lens. If the optical medium is an optical fiber, one of the lenses may a fiber stop for the fiber when inserted in a receptacle of the coupler.

Abstract: An optical system is adapted to produce reduced back reflection from a receiving detector back to a light source for increased system performance. The system may optically condition light signals from the light source for projection onto the detector. The conditioning may result in a light spot on the detector that has an annular intensity distribution or profile. The annular distribution may be attained in any number of ways including providing a slope discontinuity in the lens surface, providing an ax icon lens function, and/or providing a defocused light spot on the detector surface.

Abstract: This disclosure concerns methods for transmitting a signal in an optical system. In one example, the method begins when an optical signal is generated. Then, the optical signal is manipulated such that the optical signal defines a substantially annular intensity profile, where power of the optical signal varies in the intensity profile. Finally, the optical signal is launched into an input face of an optical fiber such that a predetermined part of the intensity profile of the optical signal is located proximate an optical axis associated with the optical fiber.

Abstract: The invention includes also a sensor tat includes at least one laser, at least one detector, and at least one lens system that includes a sensor surface having three individual surfaces that are virtually the same, and an object surface having two individual surfaces that are virtually the same. The invention also includes a sensor having at least one source that produces radiation, at least one detector; and a lens system that collimates and focuses the radiation onto at least two different regions of a surface of a reflective object, wherein the reflective object reflects the incident radiation, and the lens system collimates and focuses the reflected radiation onto the detector, thereby sensing the reflective object.

Abstract: A housing for opto-electronic array devices. The housing includes a base and walls that form a region that receives an opto-electronic semiconductor array. Conductive traces are disposed on a wall such that a front part of the traces are exposed for external electrical connections, while the back part is exposed for internal electrical connections. A transparent substrate having a plurality of micro-lenses cover the base, walls and opto-electronic semiconductor array device. Each micro lens is beneficially made from optical epoxy that is deposited by an ink-jet nozzle. The base and walls are beneficially comprised of a ceramic.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for sensing a presence of a magnetic field and/or a magnitude of a magnetic flux density of the magnetic field. A direct-current voltage is applied across a first layer of a conductive material, so that a direct current flows in a first direction through the first layer. A second layer of a piezoelectric material is integrated with or positioned adjacent or abutting the first layer. The first layer and the second layer are exposed to or positioned within a magnetic field. A Lorentz force is thus caused, preferably in a direction which is generally perpendicular to the first direction of the direct current and a second direction of the magnetic field to deflect the piezoelectric material thereby causing an output voltage in response to the Lorentz force. A magnetic flux density can be calculated as a function of the piezoelectric output.

Abstract: An optical system for high speed transmission of optical data. The system may condition light signals from a source for projection into an optical medium that is to convey the signals with high speed to another place. This conditioning may result in the light having an annular intensity distribution or profile. Much of the intensity of the light is near the periphery of the optical medium. This medium may be an optical fiber. This annular distribution may be attained with an optical element having a slope discontinuity or light from it being defocused to a certain extent at the optical medium. Either of these characteristics or both of them may used in the optical system so it can transmit light signals at very high rates.

Abstract: A zero-clearance receptacle for single mode optical fiber couplers. The zero-clearance receptacle includes an internally fluted V-groove formed by internally extending legs. The zero-clearance receptacle uses the fundamental action of the V-groove to accurately locate an optical fiber ferrule inserted into the zero-clearance receptacle in the radial direction. The zero-clearance receptacle further includes a slot that receives a biasing element, such as a spring, that biases the optical ferrule against the V-groove legs. This enables accurate positioning of an optical fiber in the optical ferrule relation to an optical element such as a VCSEL or a photoreceptor. The zero-clearance receptacle beneficially fits into an optical coupler, which may have a lens.

Abstract: An optical system for high speed transmission of optical data. The system may condition light signals from a source for projection into an optical medium that is to convey the signals with high speed to another place. This conditioning may result in the light having an annular intensity distribution or profile. Much of the intensity of the light is near the periphery of the optical medium. This medium may be an optical fiber. This annular distribution may be attained with an optical element having a slope discontinuity or light from it being defocused to a certain extent at the optical medium. Either of these characteristics or both of them may used in the optical system so it can transmit light signals at very high rates.

Abstract: An optical system is adapted to produce reduced back reflection from a receiving detector back to a light source for increased system performance. The system may optically condition light signals from the light source for projection onto the detector. The conditioning may result in a light spot on the detector that has an annular intensity distribution or profile. The annular distribution may be attained in any number of ways including providing a slope discontinuity in the lens surface, providing an axicon lens function, and/or providing a defocused light spot on the detector surface.

Abstract: An optical coupler having two refractive lenses for coupling an optoelectronic element and an optical medium to each other. One lens may be in contact with the optical medium. The refractive index of the one lens may be similar to the index of the optical medium. The optoelectronic element may be a light source or a detector. The light source may be a laser. The lenses may be glass ball lenses. One of the ball lenses may be a half ball lens. If the optical medium is an optical fiber, one of the lenses may a fiber stop for the fiber when inserted in a receptacle of the coupler.

Abstract: Systems and methods analyze the performance of a mechanical system having two identical rotating members therein. Light is directed from two identical light sources to intercept encoded portions of the rotating members. A portion of the light is reflected from the encoded portions of each rotating member. The reflected portion of the light can be then detected to recover performance data maintained therein, wherein the performance data contains performance characteristics of the mechanical system. A reflected portion of the light can be detected to recover performance data. The light sources can be configured as Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSEL). The encoded portions of rotating members thereof can include a bar code. Images from a first encoded surface may interact with an image from a second encoded surface after the light beams are reflected off the first and second rotating surfaces to produce Moirè fringes.

Abstract: A zero-clearance receptacle for single mode optical fiber couplers. The zero-clearance receptacle includes an internally fluted V-groove formed by internally extending legs. The zero-clearance receptacle uses the fundamental action of the V-groove to accurately locate an optical fiber ferrule inserted into the zero-clearance receptacle in the radial direction. The zero-clearance receptacle further includes a slot that receives a biasing element, such as a spring, that biases the optical ferrule against the V-groove legs. This enables accurate positioning of an optical fiber in the optical ferrule relation to an optical element such as a VCSEL or a photoreceptor. The zero-clearance receptacle beneficially fits into an optical coupler, which may have a lens.

Abstract: The invention includes also a sensor that includes at least one laser, at least one detector, and at least on lens system that includes a sensor surface having three individual surfaces that are virtually the same, and an object surface having two individual surfaces that are virtually the same.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for analyzing the performance of a mechanical system having two identical rotating members therein is disclosed. Light is directed from two identical light sources to intercept encoded portions of the rotating members. A portion of the light is reflected from the encoded portions of each rotating member. The reflected portion of the light can be then detected to recover performance data maintained therein, wherein the performance data contains performance characteristics of the mechanical system. A mechanism for reflecting a portion of the light from the encoded portions of the rotating members is also provided. A reflected portion of the light can be detected to recover performance data. The light sources can be configured as Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) units. The encoded portions of rotating members thereof may comprise a bar code.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for analyzing the performance of a system having at least one rotating member therein are disclosed. Light is directed from a light source to intercept an encoded portion of the rotating member. A portion of the light is transmitted from the encoded portion of the rotating member. The transmitted portion of the light can be then detected to recover performance information maintained therein, wherein the performance information contains performance characteristics of the system. A mechanism for transmitting a portion of the light from the encoded portion of the rotating member is also provided. A diffracted portion of the light can be detected to recover performance information. The light source can be configured as a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL). The encoded portion of rotating members thereof may comprise a dual layer bar code.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for sensing a presence of a magnetic field and/or a magnitude of a magnetic flux density of the magnetic field. A direct-current voltage is applied across a first layer of a conductive material, so that a direct current flows in a first direction through the first layer. A second layer of a piezoelectric material is integrated with or positioned adjacent or abutting the first layer. The first layer and the second layer are exposed to or positioned within a magnetic field. A Lorentz force is thus caused, preferably in a direction which is generally perpendicular to the first direction of the direct current and a second direction of the magnetic field to deflect the piezoelectric material thereby causing an output voltage in response to the Lorentz force. A magnetic flux density can be calculated as a function of the piezoelectric output.