Abstract: A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) device includes a DAC circuitry and a calibration circuitry. The DAC circuitry includes first and second DAC circuits which generate first and second signals according to an input pattern. The input pattern includes at least one of first logic value and at least one of second logic value that have different numbers. The calibration circuitry performs a calibration operation according to first and second comparison results, to generate a control signal for controlling the second DAC circuit. The first comparison results are comparison results of the first and the second signals when the input pattern is a first pattern, the second comparison results are comparison results of the first and the second signals when the input pattern is a second pattern, and the first pattern is inverse to the second pattern.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the technical field of e-cigarettes, and provides an atomizer and an e-cigarette that is obtained by connecting the atomizer to an electronic battery rod. The atomizer includes an electrode component and a heating component. An air passage for discharging an aerosol and a holding base for holding the heating component are disposed inside the liquid storage apparatus. An accommodating part is disposed in the holding base, and the heating component is fixedly accommodated inside the accommodating part. According to the present invention, the accommodating part is disposed in the holding base, and the heating component is disposed inside the accommodating part, so that the heating component does not fall off or leak e-liquid due to vibration, high temperature, and inclination.

Abstract: A wireless power transmitting device transmits wireless power signals to a wireless power receiving device using a wireless power transmitting coil. The wireless power receiving device may transmit data packets to the wireless power transmitting device. The wireless power transmitting device may include a data receiver that is coupled to the wireless power transmitting coil and that receives the transmitted data packets. The data receiver may be configured to demodulate the received data packets. The data packets may include at least preamble bits, start bits, and data bits encoded as biphase half-bit signals in accordance with a predefined wireless power transfer protocol. During demodulation, the receiver may perform preamble detection, start bit detection, and data bit detection by comparing the input signals to corresponding reference patterns using a maximum likelihood sequence detection scheme. Phase recovery may be employed throughout to help provide immunity to phase change.

Abstract: Fuse programming circuits, devices and methods. In some embodiments, a fuse circuit can include a fuse pad configured to receive a voltage, a fuse having a first end coupled to the fuse pad and a second end coupled to a switching element configured to enable a current to pass from the fuse pad to a ground potential.

Abstract: An analog to digital converting module includes a comparator, at least one digital to analog convertor, and a reference buffer. The comparator is configured to compare a first input signal and a second input signal so as to output a comparing signal. The at least one at least one digital to analog convertor includes at least one capacitor. The reference buffer is configured to provide a reference signal. The at least one digital to analog convertor receives the reference signal such that a ripple signal is generated according to a change of a voltage of the reference signal. The capacitance of the capacitor of the at least one digital to analog convertor is adjusted based on the ripple signal.

Abstract: Circuits, methods, and devices for protecting against accidental fuse programming are discussed herein.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a motor rotor and a permanent magnet motor. The motor rotor includes a rotor core and a plurality of magnetic poles provided in the rotor core, wherein each magnetic pole includes a first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet and a third permanent magnet; the first permanent magnet being arranged on a central position of the magnetic pole on which said first permanent magnet is located, the second permanent magnet being arranged at two sides of the first permanent magnet, the third permanent magnet being arranged at one side of the second permanent magnet far away from the first permanent magnet; the coercivity of the first permanent magnet is smaller than that of the second permanent magnet and that of the third permanent magnet; and the third permanent magnet is arranged on a q axis of the motor.

Abstract: A mirror assembly, a control method thereof and a light adjusting board are provided. The mirror assembly includes a mirror, a first rotation electrode, a second rotation electrode, a first electrode, a second electrode, a third electrode and a fourth electrode. The mirror includes a rotation axis; the first rotation electrode and the second rotation electrode are respectively at two sides of the rotation axis; the first electrode and the second electrode are opposite to form a first electric field; the first rotation electrode is between the first electrode and the second electrode; the third electrode and the fourth electrode are opposite to form a second electric field; the second rotation electrode is between the third electrode and the fourth electrode; the first rotation electrode and the second rotation electrode rotate under the two electric fields to drive the mirror to rotate around the rotation axis.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an encoding method and an encoder for a (n, n(n?1), n?1) permutation group code in a communication modulation system, in which 2k k-length binary information sequences are mapped to 2k n-length permutation codeword signal points in a n-dimensional modulation constellation ?n. The constellation ?n with the coset characteristics is formed by selecting 2k n-length permutation codewords from n(n?1) permutation codewords of a code set Pn,xi of the (n, n(n?1), n?1) permutation group code based on coset partition. The constellation ?n is a coset code in which 2k1 cosets are included and each coset includes 2k2 permutation codewords, where k=k1+k2, and 2k?n(n?1). The present disclosure utilizes the coset characteristics to realize one-to-one correspondence mapping of the binary information sequence set to the permutation code constellation, so that the time complexity of executing the encoder is at most the linear complexity of the code length n.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses an algebraic decoding method and a decoder for a (n, n(n?1), n?1) permutation group code in a communication modulation system. The basic principle of the decoding method is: assuming that two code elements p(r1)=s1 and p(r2)=s2 can be correctly detected in a received real vector with a length of n, including their element values s1, s2 and position indices r1, r2 in the vector, an intermediate parameter w is determined by solving an equation (r1?r2)w=(s1?s2)(mod n); and each code element is calculated by w according to p(i)=(s1+(n?r1+i)w)(mod n), i=1, 2, . . . , n. The decoder is mainly composed of multiple n-dimensional registers, a w calculator, n code element calculators, and a code element buffer. In the disclosure, in a case where a receiver only correctly detects two code elements in a transmitted codeword with a length of n, the codeword can be correctly decoded by using the received information of the two code elements.

Abstract: A construction method for a (n,n(n?1),n?1) permutation group code based on coset partition is provided. The presented (n,n(n?1),n?1) permutation group code has an error-correcting capability of d?1 and features a strong anti-interference capability for channel interferences comprising multi-frequency interferences and signal fading. As n is a prime, for a permutation code family with a minimum distance of n?1 and a code set size of n(n?1), the invention provides a method of calculating n?1 orbit leader permutation codewords by On={?o1}?=1n-1(mod n) and enumerating residual codewords of the code set by Pn=CnOn={(l1)n-1On}={(rn)n-1On}. Besides, a generator of the code set thereof is provided. The (n,n(n?1),n?1) permutation group code of the invention is an algebraic-structured code, n?1 codewords of the orbit leader array can be obtained simply by adder and (mod n) calculator rather than multiplication of positive integers.

Abstract: A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) device includes a DAC circuitry and a calibration circuitry. The DAC circuitry includes first and second DAC circuits which generate first and second signals according to an input pattern. The input pattern includes at least one of first logic value and at least one of second logic value that have different numbers. The calibration circuitry performs a calibration operation according to first and second comparison results, to generate a control signal for controlling the second DAC circuit. The first comparison results are comparison results of the first and the second signals when the input pattern is a first pattern, the second comparison results are comparison results of the first and the second signals when the input pattern is a second pattern, and the first pattern is inverse to the second pattern.

Abstract: A drip irrigation emitter flow channel structural design method and a fractal flow channel drip irrigation emitter product therefor. The method comprehensively considers within a design process the hydraulic performance and anti-blocking performance of a drip irrigation emitter, and mainly comprises stages such as simulation method establishment, flow channel configuration selection, structural parameter determination and flow channel boundary optimization. An optimal flow channel configuration and a structural parameter value range of a drip irrigation emitter flow channel are determined via an optimal value simulation model, thereby defining a drip irrigation emitter primary prototype structural design method.

Abstract: A driving circuit and a switch signal generation method are provided. The driving circuit receives a PWM signal and provides a first switch signal and a second switch signal. The driving circuit includes a logical signal circuit, a lower bridge dead time circuit and a lower bridge driving circuit. The logical signal circuit provides a first logical signal and a second logical signal according to the PWM signal. The lower bridge dead time circuit determines a leading edge of a lower bridge dead time signal according to the first logical signal and determines a trailing edge of lower bridge dead time signal according to a trailing edge of first switch signal. The lower bridge driving circuit determines a leading edge of second switch signal according to second logical signal and determines a trailing edge of second switch signal according to the trailing edge of lower bridge dead time signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of Formula I, a stereoisomer, enantiomer, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or an amino acid conjugate thereof; wherein variables are as defined herein; and their pharmaceutical compositions, which are useful as modulators of the activity of Farnesoid X receptors (FXR).

Abstract: A self luminous sign, having an aluminum board, an aluminum frame and at least one luminous module; the luminous module is attached on the aluminum board, and the aluminum board is mounted to the aluminum frame; each luminous module comprises the following components: resins, luminous powder coated with silane coupling agent, antioxidants and UV absorbents in a mass percentage of 100:(30-300):(0.01-10):(0.01-10).

Abstract: A self luminous sign, having an aluminum board, an aluminum frame and at least one luminous module; the luminous module is attached on the aluminum board, and the aluminum board is mounted to the aluminum frame; each luminous module comprises the following components: resins, luminous powder coated with silane coupling agent, antioxidants and UV absorbents in a mass percentage of 100: (30-300): (0.01-10): (0.01-10).

Abstract: A memory device comprises a memory array including memory cells, a temperature sensing circuit, and a memory control unit operatively coupled to the memory array. The memory control unit includes a processor. The processor is configured to receive temperature information from the temperature sensing circuit, initiate programming of the memory cells with data using a first threshold voltage distribution when the temperature information indicates an operating temperature is in a first temperature range, and initiate programming of the memory cells with data using a second threshold voltage distribution when the temperature information indicates the operating temperature is in a second temperature range.

Abstract: A method for treating reverse osmosis concentrated water, comprises adding precipitant and oxidant to reverse osmosis concentrated water for treatment, filtering to obtain clear liquid, and adding catalyst for water treatment to clear liquid for catalytic oxidation to obtain a first-stage treated water. Optionally, the liquid may be subjected after catalytic oxidation to an adsorption treatment; performing reverse osmosis treatment on first-stage treated water to obtain second-stage reverse osmosis product water and second-stage reverse osmosis concentrated water; and adding oxidant to second-stage reverse osmosis concentrated water for oxidation treatment to obtain directly discharged effluent water. The obtaining of effluent water may further comprise subjecting liquid after oxidation treatment to adsorption treatment. The above method can recycle 75-85 wt % of water, and operates easily.

Abstract: A light control device providing handsfree control of a lighting source using measures of the orientation of the lighting source is presented. The measurement of the orientation of the lighting source is monitored and while the orientation retains the light outputted by the lighting source within a designated area, the light output remains in an ON state. However, with the orientation of the lighting source indicates the light output may be outside the designated area, the light output is turned OFF. In addition, a method for calibrating the system to define the designated area is disclosed.