Abstract: Low friction drafting system for yarn and having in sequence a driven feed roll, a low friction freely rotatable hot roll for preheating the yarn, a low friction freely rotatable hot roll for thermally stabilizing the yarn, a driven output roll, with tension automatically transferring upstream of the preheater roll to preheat the yarn and with the two heated rolls being driven by engagement with the yarn; the thermally stabilizing roll operates at a greater speed than the preheater roll and drafting of the yarn occurs between the two freely rotatable hot rolls.

Abstract: Textile yarn having a staple yarn character and including continuous filaments with each continuous filament being formed into coils, loops or whorls at random intervals along its length, each continuous filament having a main body section with a portion thereof along the length of the main body section being intermittently separated from the main body section and a fraction of the intermittently separated portion being broken and providing free ends extending from the main body section.

Abstract: Apparatus for preheating, drafting, and stabilizing in sequence a running yarn strand and including a heated shoe device, freely rotating idler rolls at each end of the heated shoe device and a fixed draw pin with the heated shoe device having two different temperature zones by which the running yarn strand is preheated prior to being drawn when passing over the fixed draw pin, and is thereafter heat stabilized.

Abstract: Continuous filament yarn of textile utility has slubs formed at randomly spaced intervals along the length of the yarn, with each filament having a main body section extending along the length of the filament and at least one wing member extending from the main body section along such length, the wing member of the filament rising and falling in wave-like manner along the main body section only within the area of the aforementioned randomly spaced intervals.

Abstract: In a process for draw fracturing yarn wherein the yarn is passed through a turbulent flow air suction device downstream of where the yarn is drawn and upstream of an air fracturing jet so that broken filaments extending from the yarn will be intermingled and immobilized by entangling them with unbroken filaments in the yarn so as to reduce yarn breaks.

Abstract: A continuous filament having a special geometrical cross-section to give controlled fracturability so as to produce free protruding ends, multifilaments of which produce yarns coming within the scope of U.S. Pat. No. 4,245,001; the cross-section of the textile filament having a main body section and one or more wing members connected to the body section, the body section comprising about 25 to about 95% of the total mass of the filament and the wing member or wing members comprising about 5 to about 75% of the total mass of filament, with the filament being further characterized by a wing-body interaction (WBI) defined by ##EQU1## where the ratio of the width of the filament cross-section to the wing member thickness (L.sub.T /Dmin) is .ltoreq.30.

Abstract: Spinneret orifices the planar cross-section of which defines intersecting quadrilaterals in connected series, the improvement being that one or more of the defined quadrilaterals is or are characterized by its or their width being greater than the width of the remaining quadrilateral(s), with the wider quadrilateral(s) defining body sections and with the remaining quadrilateral(s) defining wing member(s).

Abstract: Spinneret orifices the planar cross-section of which defines an elongated slot having a plurality of wing member bar slots intersecting with the elongated slot at spaced intervals along the axial length thereof, and multiple intersecting body section bar slots intersecting with the elongated slot and intersecting with each of the other multiple intersecting body section bar slots at the elongated slot.

Abstract: Multifilament yarns comprising continuous multifilaments each having at least one body section and having extending therefrom along its length at least one wing member, the body section comprising about 25 to about 95% of the total mass of the filament and the wing member comprising about 5 to about 75% of the total mass of filament, the filament being further characterized by a wing-body interaction defined by ##EQU1## where the ratio of the width of said fiber to the wing thickness (L.sub.T /Dmin) is .ltoreq.30. Also disclosed are specific yarns and processes for producing the filaments and yarns.The spun-like character of the fractured yarns of this invention is provided by the wing members extending from and along the body section being intermittently separated from the body section and a fraction of the separated wing members being broken to provide free protruding ends extending from the body section.

Abstract: Multifilament yarns comprising continuous multifilaments each having at least one body section and having extending therefrom along its length at least one wing member, the body section comprising about 25 to about 95% of the total mass of the filament and the wing member comprising about 5 to about 75% of the total mass of filament, the filament being further characterized by a wing-body interaction defined by ##EQU1## where the ratio of the width of said fiber to the wing thickness (L.sub.T /Dmin) is .ltoreq.30. Also disclosed are specific yarns and processes for producing the filaments and yarns.The spun-like character of the fractured yarns of this invention is provided by the wing members extending from and along the body section being intermittently separated from the body section and a fraction of the separated wing members being broken to provide free protruding ends extending from the body section.

Abstract: A novel spinneret orifice defines in the plane of a spinneret face an elongated slot formed by a series of repeating parallelograms connected in end-to-end relation together and alternating in off-set relation along the major axis of the elongated slot, each parallelogram having a pair of opposite side walls "a" substantially parallel to the minor axis of the elongated slot and a pair of opposite side walls "b" substantially parallel to the major axis, and wherein a side wall "a" of one parallelogram and the side wall "a" of the adjacent off-set parallelogram lie on a common line and define the angle of the minor axis relative to the major axis of the elongated slot.

Abstract: An essentially non-kneeing spinneret construction for spinning inelastic materials in which each spinning orifice of non-round cross-section is so dimensioned that the coordinates of the centroid of the square of the velocity profile of the extruding material in the plane perpendicular to the axis of the orifice, as determined by ##EQU1## and the coordinates of the centroid of the velocity profile of the extruding material in the plane perpendicular to the axis of the orifice, as determined by ##EQU2## are essentially coincident at each orifice exit so that the flow of the extruding material from the orifice has axisymmetric emergence behavior, where(V.sup.2).sub.centroid is the centroid of the square of the velocity profile;(V).sub.centroid is the centroid of the velocity profile;.intg..sub.A is the integral over the orifice cross-sectional area;V.sup.

Abstract: Method by which slubs are formed from random individual filaments in a continuous filament yarn bundle. A yarn bundle is fed under drafting tension to and through a first fluid jet device in which cocurrent and countercurrent fluid flows therethrough and which along with the drafting tension serves to break some of the individual filaments of the yarn bundle at random intervals along the length of the yarn bundle. The drafting tension also serves to prevent the broken filaments from completely entangling with the yarn bundle. The yarn bundle then passes through a second fluid jet device having cocurrent and countercurrent fluid flows therethrough, the flows adjusted to cause the broken filaments to slide along the yarn bundle and to become entangled with the other filaments and to form slubs.

Abstract: Process for making producer-colored fibers, yarns, films and related products by extruding from a source, such as from an extruder, a flow of polymer to a spinneret placing in the path of flow between the polymer flow and the spinneret a dye solid or pigment solid having a predetermined shaped surface area, and flowing the polymer into contact against the exposed surface of the dye solid or pigment solid and by such contact dissolving at a predetermined rate a predetermined portion of the dye solid or pigment solid into the polymer flow and coloring the polymer flow for subsequent extrusion from the spinneret as colored filaments.

Abstract: Process and product obtained by the process by which an undrawn or partially drawn continuous filament yarn serving as an effect yarn component and a continuous filament yarn having a greater orientation than the effect yarn component and serving as a core yarn component are heated above glass transition temperature by co-current and counter-current heated gaseous flows to form in the filaments of the effect yarn component at random intervals along the lengths of the individual filaments coils, loops or whorls, with more drafting occurring in those portions of the filaments having the coils, loops or whorls than the other portions, and with more drafting occurring in some loops than others; intermingling the effect yarn component with the core yarn component, and at the same time heat setting the yarn components within the heated gaseous flows.

Abstract: Process and product obtained by the process by which an undrawn or partially drawn continuous filament yarn is heated above glass transition temperature and is differentially drafted by co-current and countercurrent heated gaseous flows to form in the filaments at random intervals along the lengths of the individual filaments coils, loops or whorls, with more drafting occurring in those portions of the filaments having the coils, loops or whorls than the other portions, and with more drafting occurring in some loops than others, and at the same time heat setting the yarn within the heated gaseous flows.

Abstract: Method for melt spinning from inelastic materials extruded lengths of predetermined cross-sections from predetermined arrangements in spinnerets of non-round orifices having one axis or no axis of symmetry in the plane of the spinneret face, and to such arrangements of two or more such spinning orifices in spinnerets for practice of the method by which non-axisymmetric emergence behavior, i.e., "kneeing," of inelastic fluid streams from spinnerets is utilized. Each non-round orifice in the arrangement has a significant kneeing potential of greater than (.+-.) 0.1, and preferably greater than (.+-.) 0.