Abstract: A programmable optical chip and a terminal is provided, wherein the optical chip includes: one or more first transmission paths for transmitting an optical signal in the programmable optical chip; first programmable basic devices arranged in an array; and optical IP cores, wherein the optical IP cores and the first programmable basic devices are optically coupled, and the optical IP cores are optically coupled. The optical IP cores include optical soft cores and/or optical firm cores. Each type of optical soft core includes second programmable basic devices and one or more second transmission paths for transmitting the optical signal in the optical soft core. Each type of optical firm core includes third programmable basic devices, one or more third transmission paths for transmitting the optical signal in the optical firm core, and first optical devices used to process the optical signal.