Abstract: The present invention discloses a power supply device, particularly for supplying a controlled electrical signal in an electrochemical process, e.g., plating, etching, etc. The power delivery device provides an electrical signal with optimal characteristics and setting for processing one or more surfaces in an electrochemical process. The power delivery device comprises a power stage having an input for receiving a power signal and an output being operably connected to the object. A sensor is operably connected to the output. A controller is operably connected to the output and responsive to the sensor. A modulator is operably connected between the controller and the power stage wherein the power stage outputs the electrical signal to the object in response to the modulator and the controller.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a power supply device, particularly for supplying a controlled electrical signal in an electrochemical process, e.g., plating, etching, etc. The power delivery device provides an electrical signal with optimal characteristics and setting for processing one or more surfaces in an electrochemical process. The power delivery device comprises a power stage having an input for receiving a power signal and an output being operably connected to the object. A sensor is operably connected to the output. A controller is operably connected to the output and responsive to the sensor. A modulator is operably connected between the controller and the power stage wherein the power stage outputs the electrical signal to the object in response to the modulator and the controller.

Abstract: A power supply for producing complex non-periodic waveforms from a sum of periodic waveforms is disclosed. The power supply includes a controller which measures the output signal and compares it to the desired signal in order to produce an error signal. The error signal is fed to the power stage and is used to modify the input signal and produce the desired output. The desired signal is programmed by the user by selecting a plurality of pre-defined stored waveforms, modifying them, and arranging them such that the desired complex non-periodic waveform is created. The user can enter the instructions for modifying and arranging the waveforms via a panel having a keypad and display, or using a computer running software which enables the user to modify the stored waveforms on-screen. Such control is particularly useful in industries in which a very specific complex output signal is desirable, such as in the electrolytic plating industry.

Abstract: A four-quadrant buck converter is described having a common leg of an inductor in series with an output capacitor, one power supply for providing a positive voltage output signal and negative voltage output signal to two solid-state switches joined at a common node, an output transformer whose primary is connected across the output capacitor and a pulse width modulator control circuit for operating the switches to produce a predetermined voltage across said output capacitor and for regulating the current out of the transformer. The control circuitry operates in response to a voltage signal from the output of the power supply, a voltage representative of the voltage at the output of the converter, a high frequency ramp voltage, an internal oscillator voltage, a voltage representative of the RMS current flowing on the secondary side of the output transformer, an under-voltage lockout voltage, and a start-up voltage for slowly starting the converter and protecting against overshoot.

Abstract: A four-quadrant buck converter is described having a common leg of an inductor in series with an output capacitor, one power supply for providing a positive voltage output signal and negative voltage output signal to two solid-state switches joined at a common node, an output transformer whose primary is connected across the output capacitor and a pulse width modulated control circuit for operating the switches to produce a predetermined voltage across said output capacitor and for regulating the current out of the transformer. The control circuitry operates in response to a voltage signal from the output of the power supply, a voltage representative of the voltage at the output of the converter, a high frequency ramp voltage, an internal oscillator, and a voltage representative of the RMS current flowing on the secondary side of the output transformer.

Abstract: A regulator/converter is disclosed having a transformer, a switch in series with the primary of the transformer, a control for opening and closing the switch to supply current through the primary winding of the transformer in response to the output of the transformer, and means for storing energy when the induced voltage across the switch is of one plurality and for transferring such energy to power or operate the controller when the induced voltage is of the opposite plurality.

Abstract: In a capacitively coupled DC-to-DC converter employing a pair of switching elements alternately rendered conductive, instabilities arising from current mode control are compensated for by detecting and controlling the amount of charge transferred by each switching element to a respective output capacitor associated therewith rather than the conduction period of each switching element. Converter instabilities arising from switching element duty cycles in excess of 50% are compensated for by integrating the sensed inductor current which represents the average inductor output current rather than its instantaneous value. An integrating network is discharged to 0 at the end of each cycle in resetting the sensed inductor current to 0 to prevent converter runaway when the switching element duty cycle exceeds 50%. This invention is applicable for all types of DC converters operating with a duty cycle greater than 50%.