Abstract: A light source including a plate and an emitter array mounted on the plate extending from a first edge to a second edge. The plate can include a first edge; a second edge, the first edge being opposite the second edge; a first mount on the first edge; and a second mount on the second edge. Such light sources can be combined together.

Abstract: A semiconductor lighting device has an array of semiconductor light sources arranged in an x-y grid, a power input in electrical connection with the array and arranged to provide power to the light sources, a microcontroller in electrical connection with the array arranged to alter operation of the array as necessary, and a connector in electrical connection with the microcontroller, arranged to provide an interface to the microcontroller. The semiconductor lighting device has a first interface to allow a first level of access to the microcontroller by an end user, a second interface to allow a second level of access to the microcontroller for maintenance operations, and a third interface to allow a third level of access to the microcontroller during production.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for regrowth of conifer embryogenic cells. The methods comprise the steps of (a) contacting cryopreserved conifer embryogenic cells with a liquid transition medium, and (b) culturing the contacted conifer embryogenic cells in a regrowth medium to generate regrowth of the conifer embryogenic cells. Generally, the cryopreserved conifer embryogenic cells are contacted with the liquid transition medium for less than about 24 hours, such as for about one hour.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides methods for producing conifer somatic embryos. The methods of this aspect of the invention each include the steps of cultivating conifer embryogenic cells in, or on, a synchronization medium that comprises an absorbent composition and at least one synchronization agent selected from the group consisting of abscisic acid and a gibberellin. Some embodiments of the methods provide a synchronized population of conifer somatic embryos wherein at least about 50% of the embryos are at about the same developmental stage. Some embodiments of the methods of the invention yield at least 100% more cotyledonary somatic embryos than an identical method for producing conifer somatic embryos that does not utilize a synchronization medium comprising an absorbent composition and at least one synchronization agent selected from the group consisting of abscisic acid and a gibberellin.

Abstract: A light source including a plate and an emitter array mounted on the plate extending from a first edge to a second edge. The plate can include a first edge; a second edge, the first edge being opposite the second edge; a first mount on the first edge; and a second mount on the second edge. Such light sources can be combined together.

Abstract: A semiconductor lighting device has an array of semiconductor light sources arranged in an x-y grid, a power input in electrical connection with the array and arranged to provide power to the light sources, a microcontroller in electrical connection with the array arranged to alter operation of the array as necessary, and a connector in electrical connection with the microcontroller, arranged to provide an interface to the microcontroller.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for producing pine somatic embryos using a liquid development medium and/or a liquid stratification medium. In a first aspect, the methods comprise the step of culturing embryogenic cells in, or on, a liquid development medium to produce cotyledonary pine somatic embryos. In another aspect, the methods comprise the step of culturing pine cotyledonary somatic embryos in, or on, a liquid stratification medium to produce stratified cotyledonary somatic embryos. The invention also provides methods for producing pine somatic embryos in bioreactors.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for multiplying conifer embryogenic tissue. The methods of the present invention each include the step of continuously culturing conifer embryogenic tissue in liquid multiplication medium for a period of time sufficient for the embryogenic tissue to multiply.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for producing cotyledonary pine embryos. The methods of the invention each include the step of culturing embryogenic pine tissue in, or on, a medium comprising a disaccharide and glucose to yield cotyledonary pine embryos, wherein the disaccharide and glucose are each present in the medium at a concentration of less than 3 percent. The present invention also provides cotyledonary pine embryos prepared by a method of the invention.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides methods for producing mature conifer somatic embryos. The methods of the invention comprise the steps of: (a) culturing pre-cotyledonary conifer somatic embryos in, or on, a development medium comprising less than 0.5% of gellan gum to form cotyledonary conifer somatic embryos; and (b) culturing cotyledonary conifer somatic embryos formed in step (a) in, or on, a maturation medium comprising between about 0.5% to about 1.5% of gellan gum to form mature conifer somatic embryos. In some embodiments, the maturation medium further comprises sucrose and/or abscisic acid.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for producing conifer cotyledonary somatic embryos. The methods of the present invention each includes the step of culturing embryogenic conifer tissue in, or on, a development medium for a period of time sufficient to produce conifer cotyledonary somatic embryos from the embryogenic conifer tissue, wherein the volume of development medium is in the range of from about 35 ml to about 50 ml per 0.5 mL of embryogenic conifer tissue.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for producing cotyledonary pine embryos. The methods of the invention each include the step of culturing embryogenic pine tissue in, or on, a medium including at least one gibberellin to yield cotyledonary pine embryos. In some embodiments, an absorbent composition, such as activated charcoal, is included in the medium to further promote production of cotyledonary pine embryos.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for developing conifer cotyledonary somatic embryos. In some embodiments, the methods of the invention include the step of culturing conifer pre-cotyledonary somatic embryos on a porous membrane, that is at least intermittently contacted with liquid development medium, for a period of time sufficient to produce conifer, cotyledonary, somatic embryos from the pre-cotyledonary somatic embryos.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for developing conifer cotyledonary somatic embryos. In some embodiments, the methods of the invention include the step of culturing conifer pre-cotyledonary somatic embryos on a porous membrane, that is at least intermittently contacted with liquid development medium, for a period of time sufficient to produce conifer, cotyledonary, somatic embryos from the pre-cotyledonary somatic embryos.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for producing conifer cotyledonary somatic embryos. The methods of the present invention each includes the step of culturing embryogenic conifer tissue in, or on, a development medium for a period of time sufficient to produce conifer cotyledonary somatic embryos from the embryogenic conifer tissue, wherein the volume of development medium is in the range of from about 35 ml to about 50 ml per 0.5 mL of embryogenic conifer tissue.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for multiplying conifer embryogenic tissue. The methods of the present invention each include the step of continuously culturing conifer embryogenic tissue in liquid multiplication medium for a period of time sufficient for the embryogenic tissue to multiply.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for producing pine somatic embryos using a liquid development medium and/or a liquid stratification medium. In a first aspect, the methods comprise the step of culturing embryogenic cells in, or on, a liquid development medium to produce cotyledonary pine somatic embryos. In another aspect, the methods comprise the step of culturing pine cotyledonary somatic embryos in, or on, a liquid stratification medium to produce stratified cotyledonary somatic embryos. The invention also provides methods for producing pine somatic embryos in bioreactors.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for regrowth of conifer embryogenic cells. The methods comprise the steps of (a) contacting cryopreserved conifer embryogenic cells with a liquid transition medium, and (b) culturing the contacted conifer embryogenic cells in a regrowth medium to generate regrowth of the conifer embryogenic cells. Generally, the cryopreserved conifer embryogenic cells are contacted with the liquid transition medium for less than about 24 hours, such as for about one hour.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides methods for producing mature conifer somatic embryos. The methods of the invention comprise the steps of: (a) culturing pre-cotyledonary conifer somatic embryos in, or on, a development medium comprising less than 0.5% of gellan gum to form cotyledonary conifer somatic embryos; and (b) culturing cotyledonary conifer somatic embryos formed in step (a) in, or on, a maturation medium comprising between about 0.5% to about 1.5% of gellan gum to form mature conifer somatic embryos. In some embodiments, the maturation medium further comprises sucrose and/or abscisic acid.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides methods for producing conifer somatic embryos. The methods of this aspect of the invention each include the steps of cultivating conifer embryogenic cells in, or on, a synchronization medium that comprises an absorbent composition and at least one synchronization agent selected from the group consisting of abscisic acid and a gibberellin. Some embodiments of the methods provide a synchronized population of conifer somatic embryos wherein at least about 50% of the embryos are at about the same developmental stage. Some embodiments of the methods of the invention yield at least 100% more cotyledonary somatic embryos than an identical method for producing conifer somatic embryos that does not utilize a synchronization medium comprising an absorbent composition and at least one synchronization agent selected from the group consisting of abscisic acid and a gibberellin.