Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure set forth a biosensor for detecting a target. One example sensor includes a first electrode. The first electrode includes a first electron conducting molecule and a first probe. The first probe includes a second electron conducting molecule. The first probe is configured to bind to the target of interest in solution. The first and second electron conducting molecules are different.

Abstract: An electro-immuno sensor includes a signal generator, a sensing chip and a sensing circuit. The signal generator is arranged for generating an electronic signal having a predetermined frequency and a waveform. The sensing chip is disposed in an electrical field that generates the electronic signal, and arranged for capturing target biomolecules in a solution using antibodies. The sensing circuit has a first electrode and a second electrode in contact with the solution, and arranged for measuring an electrical characteristic of a first state and the electrical characteristic of a second state between the first and second electrodes, due to the capture of the target biomolecules, and determining the concentration of the target biomolecules according to the variation of the electrical characteristic.

Abstract: A method of electrosensing an antigen in a test sample using a sensor is disclosed. The sensor has two electrodes electrically disconnected and physically separated from each other and a layer of antibody immobilized on the surface of at least one of the electrodes. The antibody has specific binding reactivity with the antigen. The method comprises tethering conductivity promotion molecules over and/or distributing between the antibody-populated electrodes for improving electrical conductivity characteristics across the two electrodes, and measuring electrically across the electrodes after the test sample comes into contact with the antibody-populated electrodes. The antibody captures the antigen present in the test sample thereby altering the improved electrical conductivity characteristic across the two electrodes in which an amount representative of the altering providing an indication for electrosensing of the antigen.

Abstract: A sensor system for electrosensing an antigen in a test sample is disclosed. The sensor system has two electrodes electrically disconnected and physically separated from each other, and a layer of antibody is immobilized on the surface of the electrodes. The antibody has specific binding reactivity with the antigen. Conductivity promotion molecules suspended in a buffer solution may be distributed over and/or between the antibody-populated electrodes for improving electrical conductivity characteristics across the two electrodes. The antibody captures the antigen present in the test sample mixed in the buffer solution that comes into contact with the antibody-populated electrodes. This alters the electrical conductivity characteristic across the two electrodes in which an amount representative of the altering provides an indication for electrosensing of the antigen.

Abstract: A sensor for electrosensing an antigen in a test sample is disclosed. The sensor has two electrodes electrically disconnected and physically separated from each other, and a layer of antibody is immobilized on the surface of at least one of the electrodes. The antibody has specific binding reactivity with the antigen. Conductivity promotion molecules may be tethered over and/or distributed between the antibody-populated electrodes for improving electrical conductivity characteristics across the two electrodes. The antibody captures the antigen present in the test sample mixed in a buffer solution that comes into contact with the antibody-populated electrodes. This alters the electrical conductivity characteristic across the two electrodes in which an amount representative of the altering provides an indication for electrosensing of the antigen.

Abstract: A sensor for electrosensing an antigen in a test sample is disclosed. The sensor has two electrodes electrically disconnected and physically separated from each other, a layer of antibody immobilized on the surface of at least one of said electrodes. The antibody has specific binding reactivity with the antigen. Conductivity promotion molecules are conjugated with the antibody to improve electrical conductivity characteristics across the two electrodes. The antibody captures the antigen present in the test sample mixed in a buffer solution that comes into contact with the antibody-populated electrodes. This alters the electrical conductivity characteristic across the two electrodes in which an amount representative of the altering provides an indication for electrosensing of the antigen.