Abstract: A blockchain-based exchange system includes a distributed group of computers operating a distributed consensus algorithm and having a distributed ledger. The system enables trades to be recorded on the distributed ledger. The system performs operations including receiving, from a first user, a deposit of a first value, converting the first value into a first pool token, adding the first value to a first pool, receiving, from a second user, a deposit of a second value.

Abstract: A device may upon an option activation via a smart contract, initializing a set of parameters, wherein the smart contract operates on a blockchain network. A device may compute via the smart contract an expected price range for an underlier based on the set of parameters. A device may subdivide via the smart contract the expected price range into a fixed number of standard risk blocks, wherein each respective standard risk block of the fixed number of standard risk blocks includes a price interval centered around a specific value, wherein each standard risk block includes a binary state dependent unit that pays at an expiration of an option lifecycle a fixed amount for a purchased stake if a reference value meets a specific condition, and nothing otherwise. A device may handle via the smart contract a settlement of options via payment of stakes purchased in standard risk blocks.

Abstract: This invention concerns a luminescent optical memory material and method of forming this material, including the encoding of information by a photographic process. The method involves the use of silver halide crystals of a defined size range, with the optional use of sensitizers, emulsion stabilizers, and other agents followed by the absorption of luminescent dyes on the developed silver particle to form a luminescent optical memory system. The method involves synthesis of a photographic emulsion with silver halide crystals of a defined size range, applying photographic emulsion to a substrate, exposing to light photochemical treatment and a process of transformation of the silver particles formed in the places exposed by light into luminescent particles. The method involves obtaining a multi-layer luminescent material for a three-dimensional optical memory devices.

Abstract: A method for designing and performing a process, the method including: (a) generating a definition of the process, the generating step including: (i) defining an output of the process; and (ii) defining a plurality of activities forming at least one sequence of activities which lead to the output, including defining complete information which includes, for each of the plurality of activities: input information, including a source thereof, and output information, including a destination thereof; and (b) carrying out the process at least partly in accordance with the definition of the process.Apparatus for designing the process is also disclosed.