Abstract: A processor coupled to a memory may receive a first trading order from a first trading participant associated in the at least one database with a first entity, the first trading order comprising a price. The processor may, after receiving the first trading order, receive a second trading order from a second trading participant associated in the at least one memory with a second entity different from the first entity, the second trading order comprising the price. The processor may ordering the first trading order ahead of the second trading order in a trading order queue at the price. After receiving the first and second trading orders and while the first trading order is available for execution, the processor may receive a third trading order from a third trading participant associated with the second entity in the at least one memory, the third trading order being contra to the first and second trading orders at the same price.