Abstract: An integrated circuit includes a substrate, a reference contact coupled to the substrate, a capacitor over the substrate, and a substrate element. The capacitor includes a first conductive element having an associated parasitic capacitance and a second conductive element electrically isolated from the first conductive element. The substrate element is coupled to the first conductive element by the parasitic capacitance and coupled to the reference contact. The substrate element includes a conductive doped region in the substrate and aligned with the first conductive element and the reference contact.

Abstract: Conventional routers employ a wired backplane that employs “long reach” serializer/deserializer (SerDes) links, but this type of architecture is complicated, costly, and uses a considerable amount of power. To address some of these issues, a new wireless backplane architecture is provided here. This wireless backplane employs direct millimeter wave links between line cards that replaces the convention, wired switching fabric.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided. First and second hybrid couplers are provided with each having a first port, a second port, a third port, a fourth port and with each being substantially curvilinear. The fourth ports of the first and second hybrid couplers are first and second isolation port that are mutually coupled. The first port of the first hybrid coupler is configured to carry a first portion of a differential signal, and the first port of the second hybrid coupler is configured to carry a second portion of the differential signal.

Abstract: A method is provided. A multi-amplitude signal is received and downconverted so as to generate I and Q signals using a local oscillator signal. The I and Q signals are equalized, and the equalized I and Q signals are digitized. First and second gains are adjusted with the second and first digital signals, respectively, and applied to the equalized I and Q signals, respectively. The difference between the first and second amplified signals is determined, and an error signal is generated from the difference between the first and second amplified signals. The local oscillator signal is then adjusted with the error signal.

Abstract: Conventional routers employ a wired backplane that employs “long reach” serializer/deserializer (SerDes) links, but this type of architecture is complicated, costly, and uses a considerable amount of power. To address some of these issues, a new wireless backplane architecture is provided here. This wireless backplane employs direct millimeter wave links between line cards that replaces the convention, wired switching fabric.

Abstract: A method is provided. A multi-amplitude signal is received and downconverted so as to generate I and Q signals using a local oscillator signal. The I and Q signals are equalized, and the equalized I and Q signals are digitized. First and second gains are adjusted with the second and first digital signals, respectively, and applied to the equalized I and Q signals, respectively. The difference between the first and second amplified signals is determined, and an error signal is generated from the difference between the first and second amplified signals. The local oscillator signal is then adjusted with the error signal.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided. First and second hybrid couplers are provided with each having a first port, a second port, a third port, a fourth port and with each being substantially curvilinear. The fourth ports of the first and second hybrid couplers are first and second isolation port that are mutually coupled. The first port of the first hybrid coupler is configured to carry a first portion of a differential signal, and the first port of the second hybrid coupler is configured to carry a second portion of the differential signal.

Abstract: Conventional routers employ a wired backplane that employs “long reach” serializer/deserializer (SerDes) links, but this type of architecture is complicated, costly, and uses a considerable amount of power. To address some of these issues, a new wireless backplane architecture is provided here. This wireless backplane employs direct millimeter wave links between line cards that replaces the convention, wired switching fabric.

Abstract: Conventional routers employ a wired backplane that employs “long reach” serializer/deserializer (SerDes) links, but this type of architecture is complicated, costly, and uses a considerable amount of power. To address some of these issues, a new wireless backplane architecture is provided here. This wireless backplane employs direct millimeter wave links between line cards that replaces the convention, wired switching fabric.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for calibration of a transmitter system modulator, wherein local oscillator nodes of a mixer are held at first and second voltages, and a first offset value is determined. The terminals are then held at third and fourth voltages and a second offset value is determined. The first and second offset values are then averaged to provide a calibration offset value for the modulator.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for calibration of a transmitter system modulator, wherein local oscillator nodes of a mixer are held at first and second voltages, and a first offset value is determined. The terminals are then held at third and fourth voltages and a second offset value is determined. The first and second offset values are then averaged to provide a calibration offset value for the modulator.