Abstract: A liquid level monitor (100) includes a liquid bowl cavity (102) having a liquid sampling port (106). A switching device cavity (104) is formed within an upper portion of the housing (105) having an electromechanical switching device (112) therein. A separator (116) is between the liquid bowl cavity (102) and the switching device cavity (104). A venting pathway (120) including a vent passage (122) is for equalizing pressure between a region over the liquid in the liquid bowl cavity (102) and the switching device cavity (104). A liquid level indicator including a float (131) is positioned in the liquid bowl cavity (102) for indicating the height of the liquid. The liquid level indicator (131) actuates the electromechanical switching device (112) when the fluid level falls below a predetermined level. A mechanical barrier (115) is positioned in the venting pathway (120) for redirecting liquid back into the liquid bowl cavity (102).

Abstract: A liquid level monitor (100) includes a liquid bowl cavity (102) having a liquid sampling port (106). A switching device cavity (104) is formed within an upper portion of the housing (105) having an electromechanical switching device (112) therein. A separator (116) is between the liquid bowl cavity (102) and the switching device cavity (104). A venting pathway (120) including a vent passage (122) is for equalizing pressure between a region over the liquid in the liquid bowl cavity (102) and the switching device cavity (104). A liquid level indicator including a float (131) is positioned in the liquid bowl cavity (102) for indicating the height of the liquid. The liquid level indicator (131) actuates the electromechanical switching device (112) when the fluid level falls below a predetermined level. A mechanical barrier (115) is positioned in the venting pathway (120) for redirecting liquid back into the liquid bowl cavity (102).

Abstract: A toggle switch cover apparatus and method are disclosed, which includes a mounting nut and a bushing for a toggle switch, such that the bushing comprises a threaded area and an uppermost unthreaded area. The uppermost unthreaded area comprises a maximum outside diameter that is less than a corresponding minimum minor diameter of threads of the mounting nut. The mounting nut generally surrounds the uppermost unthreaded area of the bushing, such that a gap is formed between the mounting nut and the bushing, thereby promoting proper alignment of the toggle switch thereof and decreasing cross-threading issues.

Abstract: A toggle switch includes a one piece integrated plate, stand off, and bushing. The stand off has protrusions extending therefrom, and the stand off and the protrusions form a seal receptacle and determine a stand off depth of the plate from a panel. An O-ring seal is seated around the bushing and within the seal receptacle. The toggle lever extends through an opening of the bushing. The bushing and the toggle level are inserted through a hole in the panel until the protrusions engage the panel. The switch cover is fastened to the panel using a single fastener so that the O-ring seal is squeezed between the stand off and the panel to provide a seal between the panel and the switch cover.

Abstract: A toggle switch has a switch cover, a toggle lever, and a one piece pre-molded seal. The switch cover has an opening, and the toggle lever extends through the opening into the switch cover. A neck of the one piece pre-molded seal surrounds the toggle lever and provides sealing between the toggle lever and the switch cover. The one piece pre-molded seal also may have a planar portion that provides sealing at an interface between the switch case and the switch cover.

Abstract: A railroad brake sensing apparatus particularly suitable for handbrake sensing has a sheave wheel/bellcrank bracket which is slotted to allow the wheel/crank axle to move from a first position when the chain is under tension and the brake is applied; to a second position when the chain is slack and the brake is off. A sensor is placed to detect when the wheel/crank is in the second position. The brake sensing apparatus is easily adapted to be used with other forms of brake actuating force and placed with other moving members of the brake rigging.

Abstract: On a railroad car handbrake system the main handbrake shaft, used to turn the chain, is utilized during its rotation to drive a target object to a magnetic sensor. The target object may be driven by cam plates, gears, screw mechanisms or the like and may be a magnetic or ferromagnetic object. The sensor system disclosed is rugged and easily adapted to existing handbrake systems.

Abstract: A turbidity sensor is provided in which a light source, a first photosensitive device and a second photosensitive device are arranged in a manner that permits easy removal and replacement of a cover which is used to protect the components. The cover is attachable to a support structure. The light source, which can be a light emitting diode, is attached to the support structure. The first and second photosensitive devices are also attached to the support structure. Light scattered by particulates in a fluid are directed toward the support structure and received by the second photosensitive device. Light which passes through a detection zone and is not scattered by the particular matter in the monitored fluid passes to a first photosensitive device. Many different types and shapes of covers can be used in conjunction with a single style support structure.

Abstract: A turbidity sensor is provided with two plates which each have an aperture formed therethrough. The apertures are aligned to define a light passage from a light source such as a light emitting diode. By properly selecting the gap between the two plates and the size of the two apertures, the angle of divergence light emanating from the light source can be controlled and reduced to a magnitude that prevents light from passing directly from the light source to a scattered light detector of the turbidity sensor. The arrangement avoids the necessity of using expensive focusing lenses.

Abstract: A plurality of fluid condition sensors are combined together to provide a sensor cluster that senses turbidity, temperature, conductivity and the movement of a ferromagnetic object. The plurality of sensors are attached to a substrate and encapsulated, by an overmolding process, with a light transmissive and fluid impermeable material. The sensor cluster can be disposed at numerous different locations within a body of fluid and does not require a conduit to direct the fluid to a particular location proximate the sensor. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a circuit is provided which monitors the signal strength of first and second light sensitive components to determine turbidity and, in addition, those signal strengths are also used to advantageously determine the most efficient magnitude of current necessary to drive a light source, such as a light emitting diode.

Abstract: A liquid level sensor is provided with a single piece pivotable device which is used to move a permanent magnet into and out of the detection zone of a magnetically sensitive component, such as a Hall effect element. The pivotable device comprises a buoyant portion, a magnet holding portion and a pivot portion with arms connecting the pivot portion to the buoyant portion and the magnet holding portion. The pivot portion of the pivotable device is shaped to be received over a fixed post attached to a container. The injection gate of the mold used to form the pivotable device is advantageously located so that the pressures throughout the mold cavity are positive to the action of the foaming agent to result in the buoyant portion of the pivotable device having a significantly lower density than the other portions of the pivotable device. This variable density in a single piece device permits a smaller overall size to be used without sacrificing the sensitivity needed to detect changes in a liquid level.

Abstract: A switch is provided with a button frame which has two openings and two associated cam surfaces. A pivot pin can be assembled with a support structure and the button frame can be assembled onto the pivot pin by distorting the button frame. One end of the pivot pin is first inserted into a first opening of the button frame. Then the button frame is pushed downward to cause a second end of the pivot pin to move along a cam surface associated with a second opening. Further downward force causes the second end of the pivot pin to snap into the second opening.

Abstract: A plurality of fluid condition sensors are combined together to provide a sensor cluster that senses turbidity, temperature, conductivity and the movement of a ferromagnetic object. The plurality of sensors are attached to a substrate and encapsulated, by an overmolding process, with a light transmissive and fluid impermeable material. The sensor cluster can be disposed at numerous different locations within a body of fluid and does not require a conduit to direct the fluid to a particular location proximate the sensor. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a circuit is provided which monitors the signal strength of first and second light sensitive components to determine turbidity and, in addition, those signal strengths are also used to advantageously determine the most efficient magnitude of current necessary to drive a light source, such as a light emitting diode.