Abstract: A system, method and computer-readable medium for request routing based on content popularity information are provided. A client computer transmits a request for content from a content provider. The content provider utilizes executable code, such as translation request code, for facilitating request routing utilizing popularity information. The translation request code, may direct a client computing device to request further translation request code and/or translation information. Thereafter, the client issues a DNS query with the translated information including popularity information. The content delivery network service provider can then either resolve the DNS query with an IP address of a cache component or transmit another alternative resource identifier that will resolve to the content delivery network service provider. The process can repeat until a DNS nameserver resolves a DNS query from the client computing device.

Abstract: As exterior routing protocols generally do not provide information about the internal routing paths of an autonomous system, a particular autonomous system has limited information about the internal health of other autonomous systems. However, if a monitoring system has access to routing data and/or other network data from multiple points of an autonomous system, the monitoring system can estimate, with some accuracy, the health of the autonomous system. In turn, by monitoring at least some of autonomous systems forming a larger internetwork, such as the Internet, the monitoring system can estimate the overall health of at least portions of the internetwork.

Abstract: Techniques are described for managing data transmissions between computing systems based at least in part on using a streaming transport protocol. At least some such data transmissions may be performed using HTTP, with one or more underlying transport protocols used to implement the HTTP-based data transmissions. HTTP-based data transmissions performed using an underlying streaming transport protocol, for example, may send data without performing error detection for reliability and without ensuring ordered delivery of the sent data. In addition, one or more HTTP-based data transmissions may be initiated using an underlying streaming transport protocol, but subsequent data transmissions may switch to using a different underlying transport protocol (e.g., TCP) or different transmission technique that is performed without using data streaming.

Abstract: Disclosed are embodiments configured to detect a quorum of peers in a peer to peer network. In one embodiment, a first peer receives a message originating in a second peer, where the message includes a peer identifier. The peer identifier is stored in quorum detection data in response to determining that the peer identifier is not already present in the quorum detection data. A quorum of the peers is detected based at least in part on the quorum detection data.

Abstract: Systems and methods dynamically manage replicas of data sets. A collection of data stores is used to redundantly store one or more replicas of one or more data sets. The replicas may be used to respond to read requests from multiple sources. Upon identification of a need to allocate storage space to a data object, space used by one or more of the replicas is allocated to the data object. Various parameters may be utilized in the selection of one or more replicas whose storage space can be allocated to the data object. The parameters may be based at least in part on characteristics of the one or more data sets relative to one another.

Abstract: Techniques are described for managing data transmissions between computing systems based at least in part on using a streaming transport protocol. At least some such data transmissions may be performed using HTTP, with one or more underlying transport protocols used to implement the HTTP-based data transmissions. HTTP-based data transmissions performed using an underlying streaming transport protocol, for example, may send data without performing error detection for reliability and without ensuring ordered delivery of the sent data. In addition, one or more HTTP-based data transmissions may be initiated using an underlying streaming transport protocol, but subsequent data transmissions may switch to using a different underlying transport protocol (e.g., TCP) or different transmission technique that is performed without using data streaming.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure relate to the generation and delivery of content including unique and shared components. A content delivery network service provider can obtain requests for content from client computing devices. Based on information provided in the request or otherwise managed by executable code on the client computing device, the CDN service provider obtains one or more pieces of content that may be shared by more than one user or client computing devices. Additionally, the CDN service provider obtains one or more pieces of content that will not be shared by more than one user or more than one client computing device. Responsive to the content request, the CDN service provider can combine the one or more pieces of shared content and the one or more pieces of unique content and deliver the combined content to the requested client computing device.

Abstract: Disclosed are various systems, methods, and computer-readable mediums embodying programs that are configured to detect a quorum of peers in a peer to peer network. In one embodiment, a first one of a plurality of peers receives a message from one of a plurality of second ones of the peers, the message including at least one peer identifier listed in association with a corresponding at least one property value, where the peers communicate with each other on a peer to peer network. The at least one peer identifier is written in association with a corresponding at least one property value in a memory associated with the first one of the peers when the at least one peer identifier does not exist in the memory. Also, a quorum of peer identifiers existing in the memory that are associated with respective property values that match a predefined criteria are detected, and a predefined action is implemented in the first one of the peers upon detecting the quorum.

Abstract: Systems and methods dynamically manage replicas of data sets. A collection of data stores is used to redundantly store one or more replicas of one or more data sets. The replicas may be used to respond to read requests from multiple sources. Upon identification of a need to allocate storage space to a data object, space used by one or more of the replicas is allocated to the data object. Various parameters may be utilized in the selection of one or more replicas whose storage space can be allocated to the data object. The parameters may be based at least in part on characteristics of the one or more data sets relative to one another.

Abstract: A system, method and computer-readable medium for request routing based on content popularity information are provided. A client computing device transmits a first DNS query to a content delivery network service provider. The content delivery network service provider transmits an alternative resource identifier in response to the client computing device DNS query. The alternative resource identifier is selected as a function of popularity information pertaining to the requested resource. The client computing device then transmits a second DNS query to the content delivery network service provider. The content delivery network service provider can then either resolve the second DNS query with an IP address of a cache component or transmit another alternative resource identifier that will resolve to the content delivery network service provider. The process can repeat until a DNS nameserver resolves a DNS query from the client computing device.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer readable medium for managing network storage provider and CDN service providers are provided. A content broker component obtains client computing device requests for content provided by a content provider. The content broker processes the client computing device requests and determines whether a subsequent request for the resource should be directed to a network storage provider or a CDN service provider as a function of the updated or processed by the content broker.

Abstract: Resource management techniques, such as cache optimization, are employed to organize resources within caches such that the most requested content (e.g., the most popular content) is more readily available. A service provider utilizes content expiration data as indicative of resource popularity. As resources are requested, the resources propagate through a cache server hierarchy associated with the service provider. More frequently requested resources are maintained at edge cache servers based on shorter expiration data that is reset with each repeated request. Less frequently requested resources are maintained at higher levels of a cache server hierarchy based on longer expiration data associated with cache servers higher on the hierarchy.

Abstract: With the advent of virtualization technologies, networks and routing for those networks can now be simulated using commodity hardware rather than actual routers. For example, virtualization technologies such as those provided by VMWare, XEN, or User-Mode Linux can be adapted to allow a single physical computing machine to be shared among multiple virtual networks by providing each virtual network user with one or more virtual machines hosted by the single physical computing machine, with each such virtual machine being a software simulation acting as a distinct logical computing system that provides users with the illusion that they are the sole operators and administrators of a given hardware computing resource. In addition, routing can be accomplished through software, providing additional routing flexibility to the virtual network in comparison with traditional routing. As a result, in some implementations, supplemental information other than packet information can be used to determine network routing.

Abstract: A system and method for management and processing of resource requests is provided. A content delivery network service provider determines a class associated with a set of client computing devices and monitors resources requests for the determined class. The content delivery network service provider then identifies at least one cache component for providing additional content, such as advertisement content or other additional content provided in anticipation of future resource requests, to client computing devices as a function of the determined class. In other embodiments, instead of cache components, the content delivery network service provider identifies a second set of client computing devices as a function of the determined class for providing the additional content information.

Abstract: A system, method and computer-readable medium for request routing based on content popularity information are provided. A client computing device transmits a first DNS query to a content delivery network service provider. The content delivery network service provider transmits an alternative resource identifier in response to the client computing device DNS query. The alternative resource identifier is selected as a function of popularity information pertaining to the requested resource. The client computing device then transmits a second DNS query to the content delivery network service provider. The content delivery network service provider can then either resolve the second DNS query with an IP address of a cache component or transmit another alternative resource identifier that will resolve to the content delivery network service provider. The process can repeat until a DNS nameserver resolves a DNS query from the client computing device.

Abstract: A system and method for management and processing of resource requests is provided. A content delivery network service provider determines a class associated with a set of client computing devices and monitors resources requests for the determined class. The content delivery network service provider then identifies at least one cache component for providing additional content, such as advertisement content or other additional content provided in anticipation of future resource requests, to client computing devices as a function of the determined class. In other embodiments, instead of cache components, the content delivery network service provider identifies a second set of client computing devices as a function of the determined class for providing the additional content information.

Abstract: A system, method and computer-readable medium for request routing based on cost information are provided. A client request processing a resource identifier for requested content transmits a first DNS query to a content delivery network service provider. The content delivery network service provider transmits an alternative resource identifier in response to the client computing device DNS query. The alternative resource identifier is selected as a function of cost information. The client computing device then issues a second DNS query to the same content delivery network service provider. The content delivery network service provider can then either resolve the second DNS query with an IP address of a cache component or transmit another alternative resource identifier that will resolve to the content delivery network service provider. The process can repeat with the content delivery network service provider's network until a DNS nameserver resolves a DNS query from the client computing device.

Abstract: A system and method for management and processing of resource requests is provided. A content delivery network service provider receives a DNS query from a client computing device. The DNS query corresponds to a requested resource from the client computing device. The content delivery network service provider associates the client computing device with a cluster of other client computing devices. Based on routing information for the cluster, the content delivery network service provider routes the DNS query. The process can further include monitoring performance data associated with the delivery of the requested resource and updating the routing information for the cluster based on the performance data for use in processing subsequent requests from client computing devices in the cluster.

Abstract: The behavior of multiple users with access to a multi-tenant resource can be monitored and compliance enforced by monitoring state information for each user. The state information can be captured across a level of a network environment, such that any activity across that layer can be monitored and the data aggregated to give a global view of user behavior. If user behavior is determined to fall outside an acceptable range of behavior, any of a number of remedial actions can be taken, which can include notifying the user, billing the user for the inappropriate behavior, or modifying that behavior outside of the control of the user.

Abstract: Usage of shared resources can be managed by enabling users to obtain different types of guarantees at different times for various types and/or levels of resource capacity. A user can select to have an amount or rate of capacity dedicated to that user. A user can also select reserved capacity for at least a portion of the requests, tasks, or program execution for that user, where the user has priority to that capacity but other users can utilize the excess capacity during other periods. Users can alternatively specify to use the excess capacity or other variable, non-guaranteed capacity. The capacity can be for any appropriate functional aspect of a resource, such as computational capacity, throughput, latency, bandwidth, and storage. Users can submit bids for various types and combinations of excess capacity, and winning bids can receive dedicated use of the excess capacity for at least a period of time.