Abstract: An axial flux electrical machine has a permanent magnet rotor fixedly mounted on a rotating shaft and at least one stator having a plurality of polyphase windings disposed along a common axis with the shaft. An insulation layer is fixed between the polyphase windings. In a first example, the mechanical angle and electrical angle of each of the two polyphase windings is aligned. In a second example, the mechanical and electrical angle of each of the two polyphase windings is offset. A controller and at least one sensor are incorporated with the axial flux electrical machine for fault detection in each of the polyphase windings. Upon detection of a fault in one of the polyphase windings, the controller is configured to disable that polyphase winding allowing the electrical machine to operate with the remaining polyphase winding.

Abstract: An axial flux motor incorporates a rotor having a plurality of pockets receiving magnet assemblies. A retention device is engaged from an inactive surface of at least one magnet assembly to one or more structural elements surrounding an associate one of the plurality of pockets in the rotor.

Abstract: A modulated litz wire wherein the braid of a litz wire is varied along its length such that bulkier sections are located at the end-turns of a motor, while more compact parallel stranded sections are located in stator slots or magnetic gaps. Variations may include parallel stranded sections replaced with a longitudinal twist for improved handling or improved current sharing in strands.

Abstract: Lightweight, energy-dense, high-efficiency, hybrid power systems for electric aircraft including a prime mover internal combustion engine or gas turbine coupled to a self-cooling polyphase axial-flux dual-Halbach-array motor/alternator where the number of phases Nphase is greater than or equal to three. The motor/alternator is connected to a regenerative power converter drive also having Nphase phases, which, in turn, is connected to a DC power bus, a battery, a battery management system, and a system controller. In some embodiments, the motor/alternator and regenerative power converter drive have a neutral connection.

Abstract: Lightweight, energy-dense, high-efficiency, hybrid power systems for electric aircraft including a prime mover internal combustion engine or gas turbine coupled to a self-cooling polyphase axial-flux dual-Halbach-array motor/alternator where the number of phases Nphase is greater than or equal to three. The motor/alternator is connected to a regenerative power converter drive also having Nphase phases, which, in turn, is connected to a DC power bus, a battery, a battery management system, and a system controller. In some embodiments, the motor/alternator and regenerative power converter drive have a neutral connection.

Abstract: An axial flux motor incorporates a rotor having a plurality of pockets receiving magnet assemblies. A retention device is engaged from an inactive surface of at least one magnet assembly to one or more structural elements surrounding an associate one of the plurality of pockets in the rotor.

Abstract: A modulated litz wire wherein the braid of a litz wire is varied along its length such that bulkier sections are located at the end-turns of a motor, while more compact parallel stranded sections are located in stator slots or magnetic gaps. Variations may include parallel stranded sections replaced with a longitudinal twist for improved handling or improved current sharing in strands.

Abstract: A magnetically-levitated blood pump with an optimization method that enables miniaturization and supercritical operation. The blood pump includes an optimized annular blood gap that increases blood flow and also provides a reduction in bearing stiffness among the permanent magnet bearings. Sensors are configured and placed optimally to provide space savings for the motor and magnet sections of the blood pump. Rotor mass is increased by providing permanent magnet placement deep within the rotor enabled by a draw rod configuration.

Abstract: A lightweight and efficient electrical machine element including a method of manufacture providing a stator winding for an electric machine which has a large portion of its volume containing electrically conductive strands and a small portion of its volume containing of an encapsulant material. The stator winding includes winding of a first phase by shaping a portion of a bundle of conductive strands into an overlapping, multi-layer arrangement. Winding of successive phases occurs with further bundles of conductor strands around the preceding phases constructed into similar overlapping, multi-layer arrangements. The multiple phases are impregnated with the encapsulant material using dies to press the bundles into a desired form while expelling excess encapsulant prior to the curing of the encapsulant material. The encapsulated winding is removed from the dies after the encapsulant has cured. The encapsulant coating on the strands may be activated using either heat or solvent.

Abstract: A lightweight and efficient electrical machine element including a method of manufacture providing a stator winding for an electric machine which has a large portion of its volume containing electrically conductive strands and a small portion of its volume containing of an encapsulant material. The stator winding includes winding of a first phase by shaping a portion of a bundle of conductive strands into an overlapping, multi-layer arrangement. Winding of successive phases occurs with further bundles of conductor strands around the preceding phases constructed into similar overlapping, multi-layer arrangements. The multiple phases are impregnated with the encapsulant material using dies to press the bundles into a desired form while expelling excess encapsulant prior to the curing of the encapsulant material. The encapsulated winding is removed from the dies after the encapsulant has cured. The encapsulant coating on the strands may be activated using either heat or solvent.

Abstract: An electromagnetic valve apparatus with nonlinear springs for variable valve timing in an internal combustion engine. The apparatus includes a valve, floating spring assembly, translational cam, and motor. The cam and spring serve to minimize lash and valve stem bending forces. During opening and closing of the valve, spring potential energy is converted into valve kinetic energy and then back into potential energy at the end of the motion. The potential energy is then available for the next opening/closing event. The motor initiates motion, replaces friction and vibration losses, and terminates motion. However, the motor supplies minimal energy as the valve opens and closes, and vice-versa, naturally due to combined effects of system inertia and the nonlinear spring. In addition to valve control, the apparatus may be applied to fuel injectors, or any reciprocating linear or rotary mechanism where electronic control is used.

Abstract: A magnetically-levitated blood pump with an optimization method that enables miniaturization and supercritical operation. The blood pump includes an optimized annular blood gap that increases blood flow and also provides a reduction in bearing stiffness among the permanent magnet bearings. Sensors are configured and placed optimally to provide space savings for the motor and magnet sections of the blood pump. Rotor mass is increased by providing permanent magnet placement deep within the rotor enabled by a draw rod configuration.

Abstract: A magnetically-levitated blood pump with an optimization method that enables miniaturization and supercritical operation. The blood pump includes an optimized annular blood gap that increases blood flow and also provides a reduction in bearing stiffness among the permanent magnet bearings. Sensors are configured and placed optimally to provide space savings for the motor and magnet sections of the blood pump. Rotor mass is increased by providing permanent magnet placement deep within the rotor enabled by a draw rod configuration.

Abstract: An electromagnetic valve apparatus with nonlinear springs for variable valve timing in an internal combustion engine. The apparatus includes a valve, floating spring assembly, translational cam, and motor. The cam and spring serve to minimize lash and valve stem bending forces. During opening and closing of the valve, spring potential energy is converted into valve kinetic energy and then back into potential energy at the end of the motion. The potential energy is then available for the next opening/closing event. The motor initiates motion, replaces friction and vibration losses, and terminates motion. However, the motor supplies minimal energy as the valve opens and closes, and vice-versa, naturally due to combined effects of system inertia and the nonlinear spring. In addition to valve control, the apparatus may be applied to fuel injectors, or any reciprocating linear or rotary mechanism where electronic control is used.

Abstract: A magnetically-levitated blood pump with an optimization method that enables miniaturization and supercritical operation. The blood pump includes an optimized annular blood gap that increases blood flow and also provides a reduction in bearing stiffness among the permanent magnet bearings. Sensors are configured and placed optimally to provide space savings for the motor and magnet sections of the blood pump. Rotor mass is increased by providing permanent magnet placement deep within the rotor enabled by a draw rod configuration.

Abstract: An amusement device concerned generally with a construction type educational toy. The amusement device provides unique functionality via board design and piece structure allowing relative motion between coupled playing pieces. The construction apparatus is of the type having rotary path-forming pieces that can be located in numerous positions on the base board. The pieces are removably interfitting and allow the construction of variable paths and patterns. The amusement device incorporates magnetism to perform relative rotary motion. A circular pattern of permanent magnets are included in construction pieces to allow numerous magnetically coupled rotary pieces to undergo relative rotation analogous to a gear train. In addition to toy or game amusement device, the present invention also embodies an education and demonstration device whereby the assembly of magnetically coupled rotary pieces provides the interactive demonstration of a gear train machine mechanism.

Abstract: A telemetry method and apparatus using pressure sensing elements remotely located from associated pick-up, and processing units for the sensing and monitoring of pressure within an environment. This includes remote pressure sensing apparatus incorporating a magnetically-driven resonator being hermetically-sealed within an encapsulating shell or diaphragm and associated new method of sensing pressure. The resonant structure of the magnetically-driven resonator is suitable for measuring quantities convertible to changes in mechanical stress or mass. The resonant structure can be integrated into pressure sensors, adsorbed mass sensors, strain sensors, and the like. The apparatus and method provide information by utilizing, or listening for, the residence frequency of the oscillating resonator. The resonant structure listening frequencies of greatest interest are those at the mechanical structure's fundamental or harmonic resonant frequency.

Abstract: A system is provided for testing and enhancing the alertness of operators who monitor video surveillance imagery. Alertness is tested by displaying any of a variety of visual elements on top of or near the video imagery, and receiving input from human operators in response to the visual elements, via one or more input devices. The system further allows for economic management of human operators by transmitting imagery from many video sources to any number of operators. Video feeds are automatically switched, via software, away from an operator who wishes to take a break or has poor alertness. In this fashion, the system maximizes operator vigilance while also maximizing workflow for all available operators.

Abstract: A system is provided for testing and enhancing the alertness of operators who monitor video surveillance imagery. Alertness is tested by displaying any of a variety of visual elements on top of or near the video imagery, and receiving input from human operators in response to the visual elements, via one or more input devices. The system further allows for economic management of human operators by transmitting imagery from many video sources to any number of operators. Video feeds are automatically switched, via software, away from an operator who wishes to take a break or has poor alertness. In this fashion, the system maximizes operator vigilance while also maximizing workflow for all available operators.

Abstract: A magnetically levitated blood pump having a single inlet for accepting blood and tangential volute. The pump includes an impeller formed on a hub that is suspended radially by permanent magnet bearings and axially adjusted via and thrust coil. The hub is rotated by an axial gap permanent magnet DC motor having motor magnets mounted on the hub adjacent to the impeller, a stator formed in the area opposite to the motor magnets, and motor coils formed on the stator. The axial air gap of the motor is formed in the impeller blade path. The motor may have two separate stator members. The current in the thrust coil is controlled by feedback of the impeller axial position measured by sensors. The pump components are compactly configured within a housing.