Abstract: A method of filtration in a process vessel using a treated filter media which has been treated with a conditioner for improved filtration of contaminants is provided. The treated filter media can be used in process vessels for refining, petrochemical, and chemical plants to treat process streams. The conditioner can be the same material as what is expected to be captured during the fouling process. In other words, the conditioner that is added to the treated filter media can be the same material as the contaminant in the fluid stream to be treated. This allows for chemical compatibility with an existing process fluid stream. This also allows for the natural continuation of the filtration process.

Abstract: Process vessels can contain one or more entry zones containing stability-improving materials. The entry zones address bed movement and filtration problems. The stability-improving material can be positioned above a treating zone or above a processing bed within the vessel. Entry Zones are intended to improve the stability of downstream operations.

Abstract: A method for forming an insoluble adduct using an acidic medium is provided. A chemical process utilizes acidic media to change the solubility behavior of metal solutes. The method can utilize Group 1 soluble alkali metals but can also be extended to any other soluble salts discussed under the solubility rules. The insoluble salts can be Group 2 alkaline earth metals or other insoluble salts. The insoluble adduct can have the designation XYZ where X is a soluble metal from a metal hydroxide or a metal oxide, Y is an insoluble metal from an insoluble metal hydroxide or an insoluble metal oxide, and Z is the acid ion from an aqueous acidic media.

Abstract: A method for enabling gas exchange and chemical reactions with one or more liquid streams contained in a reactive process vessel are provided. One or more exchange layers within the process vessel can be composed of both collector media and releaser media. The exchange layers allow elements to facilitate increased performance of vessel operations by promoting gas component mixing and diffusion. Improved rates of gas component exchange mean less coking and more gas components available for reaction.

Abstract: A method for forming an insoluble adduct using an acidic medium is provided. A chemical process utilizes acidic media to change the solubility behavior of metal solutes. The method can utilize Group 1 soluble alkali metals but can also be extended to any other soluble salts discussed under the solubility rules. The insoluble salts can be Group 2 alkaline earth metals or other insoluble salts. The insoluble adduct can have the designation XYZ where X is a soluble metal from a metal hydroxide or a metal oxide, Y is an insoluble metal from an insoluble metal hydroxide or an insoluble metal oxide, and Z is the acid ion from an aqueous acidic media.

Abstract: Process vessels can contain one or more entry zones containing stability-improving materials. The entry zones address bed movement and filtration problems. The stability-improving material can be positioned above a treating zone or above a processing bed within the vessel. Entry Zones are intended to improve the stability of downstream operations.

Abstract: A method for enabling gas exchange and chemical reactions with one or more liquid streams contained in a reactive process vessel are provided. One or more exchange layers within the process vessel can be composed of both collector media and releaser media. The exchange layers allow elements to facilitate increased performance of vessel operations by promoting gas component mixing and diffusion. Improved rates of gas component exchange mean less coking and more gas components available for reaction.

Abstract: A method for forming an insoluble adduct using an acidic medium is provided. A chemical process utilizes acidic media to change the solubility behavior of metal solutes. The method can utilize Group 1 soluble alkali metals but can also be extended to any other soluble salts discussed under the solubility rules. The insoluble salts can be Group 2 alkaline earth metals or other insoluble salts. The insoluble adduct can have the designation XYZ where X is a soluble metal from a metal hydroxide or a metal oxide, Y is an insoluble metal from an insoluble metal hydroxide or an insoluble metal oxide, and Z is the acid ion from an aqueous acidic media.

Abstract: Process vessels can contain one or more entry zones containing stability-improving materials. The entry zones address bed movement and filtration problems. The stability-improving material can be positioned above a treating zone or above a processing bed within the vessel. Entry Zones are intended to improve the stability of downstream operations.

Abstract: A method for enabling gas exchange and chemical reactions with one or more liquid streams contained in a reactive process vessel are provided. One or more exchange layers within the process vessel can be composed of both collector media and releaser media. The exchange layers allow elements to facilitate increased performance of vessel operations by promoting gas component mixing and diffusion. Improved rates of gas component exchange mean less coking and more gas components available for reaction.

Abstract: A method for enabling gas exchange and chemical reactions with one or more liquid streams contained in a reactive process vessel are provided. One or more exchange layers within the process vessel can be composed of both collector media and releaser media. The exchange layers allow elements to facilitate increased performance of vessel operations by promoting gas component mixing and diffusion. Improved rates of gas component exchange mean less coking and more gas components available for reaction.

Abstract: A method for enabling gas exchange and chemical reactions with one or more liquid streams contained in a reactive process vessel are provided. One or more exchange layers within the process vessel can be composed of both collector media and releaser media. The exchange layers allow elements to facilitate increased performance of vessel operations by promoting gas component mixing and diffusion. Improved rates of gas component exchange mean less coking and more gas components available for reaction.