Abstract: A modified isogrid panel including face sheets and underlying longitudinal and transverse ribs which stiffen the panel. The ribs are hollow to provide fluid channels for distributing fluid to various sections of each face sheet. A valve at each node where ribs intersect controls or reroutes fluid flow through the fluid channels in the ribs. The ribs are the primary fluid distributors and are fluidly connected to capillary channels located beneath the surface of each face sheet.

Abstract: A structure has an inner, load bearing member and a surrounding, concentric over-wrap. The inner member is composed of a carbon composite and the over-wrap is composed of a non-carbon composite. The inner member has a negative coefficient of thermal expansion and the over-wrap has a positive coefficient of thermal expansion that is an order of magnitude greater than that of the inner member. When subjected to cryogenic temperatures, the over-wrap will shrink and apply a compressive force against the inner member, to resist the creation of microcracks in the inner member.