Abstract: Methods are provided for performing selective hydrodesulfurization on a naphtha boiling range stream naphtha boiling range portion of a feed. It has been unexpectedly discovered that hydrodesulfurization with improved octane retention can be performed by using a catalyst that comprises CoMo supported on a catalyst support that includes a zeotype framework. By using a catalyst support including a zeotype framework, an unexpectedly high amount of octane in the naphtha boiling range portion of the hydrodesulfurized effluent is maintained.

Abstract: A fuel cell is provided including an anode configured to receive, and allow to pass through, an anode process gas, a cathode configured to receive, and allow to pass through, a cathode process gas, and an electrolyte matrix layer separating the anode and the cathode. One of the anode or the cathode has an extended edge seal chamber, and the fuel cell is configured to receive the anode process gas and the cathode process gas in substantially perpendicular directions relative to each other, and the extended edge seal chamber is configured to allow the anode process gas and the cathode process gas to pass through the anode and the cathode in substantially parallel flow paths.

Abstract: Methods and systems for the conversion of hydrocarbon feedstocks, in particular, naphtha feedstocks, into a hydrocarbon product stream containing a high yield of high-octane gasoline and chemicals products. In particular, the conversion takes place over a series of functionally distinctive catalyst beds, at least one of which includes a modified zeolitic catalyst comprising a zeolite, a transition metal, and optionally a binder. Systems provided include a hydrocarbon feed stream, which may be full-range naphtha, a hydrocarbon product stream, and a plurality of functionally distinctive catalyst beds arranged in series, wherein at least one of the catalyst beds comprises a modified zeolitic catalyst.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for conversion of a combined feed of oxygenates (such as methanol or dimethyl ether) and olefins to a high octane naphtha boiling range product with a reduced or minimized aromatics content. The oxygenate conversion can be performed under conditions that reduce or minimize hydrogen transfer. Optionally, a catalyst that further facilitates formation of branched paraffins can be used, such as a catalyst that has some type of 12-member ring site available on the catalyst surface.

Abstract: This application relates to methods and systems for the conversion of hydrocarbon feedstocks, in particular, naphtha feedstocks, into a hydrocarbon product stream containing a high yield of high-octane gasoline and chemicals products. In particular, the conversion takes place over a series of functionally distinctive catalyst beds, at least one of which includes a modified zeolitic catalyst comprising a zeolite, a transition metal, and optionally a binder. Systems provided include a hydrocarbon feed stream, which may be full-range naphtha, a hydrocarbon product stream, and a plurality of functionally distinctive catalyst beds arranged in series, wherein at least one of the catalyst beds comprises a modified zeolitic catalyst.

Abstract: Methods are provided for formulation of catalysts with improved catalyst exposure lifetimes under oxygenate conversion conditions. In various additional aspects, methods are described for performing oxygenate conversion reactions using such catalysts with improved catalyst exposure lifetimes. The catalyst formulation methods can include formulation of oxygenate conversion catalysts with binders that are selected from binders having a surface area of roughly 250 m2/g or less, or 200 m2/g or less. In various aspects, during formulation, a weak base can be added to the zeotype crystals, to the binder material, or to the mixture of the zeotype and the binder. It has been unexpectedly discovered that addition of a weak base, so that the weak base is present in at least one component of the binder mixture prior to formulation, can result in longer catalyst exposure lifetimes under methanol conversion conditions.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for conversion of oxygenate-containing feeds to a hydrocarbon effluent that includes a naphtha boiling range portion with an increased research octane number and/or increased octane rating. The conditions for converting the oxygenate-containing feed can correspond to conversion conditions for fluidized bed operation and/or moving bed operation, with a low acidity catalyst that also includes phosphorus to improve the hydrogen transfer rate relative to the expected hydrogen transfer rate for a low acidity catalyst. In addition to providing a naphtha fraction with an improved research octane number and/or octane rating, the amount of durene in the naphtha fraction can be reduced or minimized.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for integration of an oxygenate conversion process with an olefin oligomerization process. The integrated process can produce gasoline of a desired octane and/or distillate fuel of a desired cetane.

Abstract: Processes are provided for preparing molecular sieves of framework structure MEI, TON, MRE, MWW, MFS, MOR, FAU, EMT, or MSE. The process involves preparing a synthesis mixture for the molecular sieve wherein the synthesis mixture includes a morphology modifier L selected from the group consisting of cationic surfactants having a quaternary ammonium group comprising at least one hydrocarbyl group having at least 12 carbon atoms, nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, sugars and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for conversion of oxygenate feeds to lubricant and/or distillate boiling range compounds with desirable properties by first selectively converting oxygenates to light olefins and then converting the light olefins to distillate and lubricant boiling range compounds with beneficial properties. The distillate boiling range products can have an unexpectedly high cetane, while the lubricant boiling range products can have an unexpectedly high viscosity index. The ability to form the distillate boiling range products and lubricant boiling range products is facilitated by using a Ni-enhanced oligomerization catalyst.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for conversion of oxygenate feeds to lubricant and/or distillate boiling range compounds with desirable properties by first selectively converting oxygenates to light olefins and then converting the light olefins to distillate and lubricant boiling range compounds with beneficial properties. The distillate boiling range products can have an unexpectedly high cetane, while the lubricant boiling range products can have an unexpectedly high viscosity index. The ability to form the distillate boiling range products and lubricant boiling range products is facilitated by using a Ni-enhanced oligomerization catalyst.

Abstract: Methods are provided for performing selective hydrodesulfurization on a naphtha boiling range stream naphtha boiling range portion of a feed. It has been unexpectedly discovered that hydrodesulfurization with improved octane retention can be performed by using a catalyst that comprises CoMo supported on a catalyst support that includes a zeotype framework. By using a catalyst support including a zeotype framework, an unexpectedly high amount of octane in the naphtha boiling range portion of the hydrodesulfurized effluent is maintained.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for reducing the end point of distillate fuel boiling range fractions while reducing or minimizing conversion of the distillate fuel to naphtha or light ends. To perform end point reduction, a distillate boiling range fraction is exposed to a conversion catalyst that has a total surface area of at least 200 m2/g, an average pore size of 12 Angstroms or more, and/or a low acidity, where the conversion catalyst includes a supported Group 8-10 metal, such as a supported Group 8-10 noble metal. Such a conversion catalyst can have improved activity for reducing end point of a distillate fuel fraction while reducing or minimizing conversion relative to 177° C. Performing end point reduction using such a catalyst can allow for increased yields of distillate fuel boiling range products by allowing increased amounts of heavy feed components to be included in the input to a distillate fuel processing train.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for modifying the composition of the conversion catalyst in a reactor for oxygenate conversion during conversion of an oxygenate feed to allow for adjustment of the slate of conversion products. The modification of the conversion catalyst can be performed by introducing a substantial portion (relative to the amount of catalyst inventory in the reaction system) of make-up catalyst having a distinct composition relative to the conversion catalyst in the reaction system. Introducing the distinct composition of make-up catalyst can modify the composition of the conversion catalyst in the reactor to allow for changes in the resulting product slate. By introducing the distinct catalyst composition, the conversion catalyst in the reactor can correspond to a different composition of catalyst than the overall average catalyst composition within the catalyst inventory in the reaction system.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing a metal or metal-containing particle supported on a surface is described, along with the resulting composition of matter. The method includes the steps of depositing upon the surface a protective thin film of a material of sufficient thickness to overcoat the metal or metal-containing particle and the surface, thereby yielding an armored surface; and then calcining the armored surface for a time and at a temperature sufficient to form channels in the protective thin film, wherein the channels so formed expose a portion of the metal- or metal-containing particle to the surrounding environment. Also described is a method of performing a heterogeneous catalytic reaction using the stabilized, supported catalyst.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for modifying the composition of the conversion catalyst in a reactor for oxygenate conversion during conversion of an oxygenate feed to allow for adjustment of the slate of conversion products. The modification of the conversion catalyst can be performed by introducing a substantial portion (relative to the amount of catalyst inventory in the reaction system) of make-up catalyst having a distinct composition relative to the conversion catalyst in the reaction system. Introducing the distinct composition of make-up catalyst can modify the composition of the conversion catalyst in the reactor to allow for changes in the resulting product slate. By introducing the distinct catalyst composition, the conversion catalyst in the reactor can correspond to a different composition of catalyst than the overall average catalyst composition within the catalyst inventory in the reaction system.

Abstract: Processes and reaction systems for low pressure oligomerization of olefins to produce distillate boiling range products using zeolite catalysts are provided herein.

Abstract: Provided herein are dual riser fluid catalytic cracking processes for producing light olefins from an oxygenate feed, such as a methanol feed, in a conventional FCC unit. In certain aspects the processes comprise cracking a hydrocarbon feed in a first riser comprising a first catalyst under first riser conditions to form a first effluent enriched in olefins, light gasoil, gasoline, or a combination thereof; cracking a hydrocarbon oxygenate feed in a second riser comprising a second catalyst under second riser conditions to form a second effluent enriched in olefins; recovering the first and second catalyst from the first and second effluents in a common reactor; regenerating the recovered first and second catalyst in a regenerator using heat from the exothermic cracking of the hydrocarbon oxygenate feed; and recirculating the regenerated first and second catalyst to the first and second riser.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for integration of an oxygenate conversion process with an olefin oligomerization process. The integrated process can produce gasoline of a desired octane and/or distillate fuel of a desired cetane.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for inclusion of olefins in the reaction environment for an oxygenate conversion process. For conversion processes involving a metal-promoted zeolitic catalyst, addition of olefins to an oxygenate feed can reduce or minimize loss of aromatic selectivity as the catalyst is exposed to the feed. Additionally or alternately, for conversion processes involving a zeolitic catalyst including a zeolite other than an MFI framework type zeolite, addition of olefins to an oxygenate feed can reduce or minimize loss of activity for oxygenate conversion as the catalyst is exposed to the feed.