Abstract: A closed loop, real-time, cognitive Electronic Warfare (EW) system without a threat database includes an EW receiver for receiving radar threat signals; a Signal Analysis and Characterization module; a Pulse to Emitter Association sub-module; a Function De-interleaving Classifier sub-module; a Threat Behavior Model sub-module; a Countermeasures Synthesis module; a Capability, Severity, and Intent sub-module; a Countermeasure Selection sub-module; a Countermeasure Optimization sub-module; a Countermeasures Effectiveness Assessment module; a Resource Management module; and an EW transmitter.

Abstract: A method of selecting and optimizing a countermeasure for application against a novel, ambiguous, or unresponsive radar threat includes selecting a candidate countermeasure and an initial parameter set and varying at least one of the parameters while the effectiveness of the candidate countermeasure against the radar threat is assessed, for example by a human observer. Embodiments include repeating the process with additional candidate countermeasures. For an unresponsive radar threat, a previously effective countermeasure can be selected as the candidate countermeasure. For an ambiguous radar threat, at least one countermeasure previously verified as effective against a partially matching known threat can be selected as the candidate countermeasure. Correlated parameters can be simultaneously varied.

Abstract: A method of selecting and optimizing a countermeasure for application against a novel, ambiguous, or unresponsive radar threat includes selecting a candidate countermeasure and an initial parameter set and varying at least one of the parameters while the effectiveness of the candidate countermeasure against the radar threat is assessed, for example by a human observer. Embodiments include repeating the process with additional candidate countermeasures. For an unresponsive radar threat, a previously effective countermeasure can be selected as the candidate countermeasure. For an ambiguous radar threat, at least one countermeasure previously verified as effective against a partially matching known threat can be selected as the candidate countermeasure. Correlated parameters can be simultaneously varied.

Abstract: One or more defined countermeasures are selected from a countermeasure library, populated with parameters, and applied against an unknown, ambiguous, or unresponsive imminent radar threat based on an analysis of a hostile RF waveform emitted by the radar threat. The analysis can include comparing static and/or dynamic features of the hostile RF waveform with features of known hostile RF waveforms. A parameter set associated with the selected defined countermeasure in the countermeasure library can be selected. Waveform features can be categorized and sub-categorized for comparison with the known hostile waveforms. A plurality of features can be detected and compared. The analysis can include correlating behavior patterns of a plurality of hostile RF waveforms emitted by the radar threat. A cognitive intelligence trained using a threat database and library of corresponding countermeasures can analyze the hostile RF waveform, select the defined countermeasure, and/or select or generate the parameters.

Abstract: A method of assessing the effectiveness of an electronic countermeasure (ECM) applied against an unknown, ambiguous, or unresponsive radar threat includes monitoring changes in a radar-associated factor while applying the ECM and determining if the ECM is disrupting the hostile radar. The radar-associated factor can be a weapon that is controlled by the radar threat, and assessing the ECM can include determining whether the weapon is misdirected due to applying the ECM. Or the radar-associated factor can be a feature of an RF waveform emitted by the radar threat, and assessing the ECM can include determining if the feature is changed due to applying the ECM. Continuous changes in the feature can indicate unsuccessful attempts to mitigate the ECM. Return of the feature to a pre-threat state can indicate disruption of the radar. The ECM can be selected from a library of countermeasures pre-verified as effective against known threats.

Abstract: A closed loop, real-time, cognitive Electronic Warfare (EW) system without a threat database includes an EW receiver for receiving radar threat signals; a Signal Analysis and Characterization module; a Pulse to Emitter Association sub-module; a Function De-interleaving Classifier sub-module; a Threat Behavior Model sub-module; a Countermeasures Synthesis module; a Capability, Severity, and Intent sub-module; a Countermeasure Selection sub-module; a Countermeasure Optimization sub-module; a Countermeasures Effectiveness Assessment module; a Resource Management module; and an EW transmitter.

Abstract: A method of digital signal processing includes modeling a digitally-modulated radio frequency (RF) communication stream using a set of incoming samples of the stream collected from a single antenna. The stream includes a first signal, the first signal including a sequence of first digital symbols having a previous symbol and a current symbol. Each first digital symbol is chosen from a plurality of first possible values. The first signal is modulated by a first known RF communication protocol having unknown time-varying parameters, the parameters having estimated previous values from modeling the previous symbol using a previous interval of the samples corresponding to the previous symbol. The method further includes collecting a current interval of the samples, predicting current values of the parameters, deciding a value of the current symbol using maximum likelihood estimation, and estimating the current values of the parameters using maximum likelihood estimation.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for increasing the communication capacity of a shared ad-hoc wireless channel by using multiuser detection (MUD) to distinguish overlapping information transmitted simultaneously by a plurality of nodes. The transmitting nodes simultaneously provide parameter-estimating signals over separate, unshared, low-rate parameter channels generated using orthogonal frequencies, spread spectrum technology, or time multiplexing. Receiving nodes use these separate, non-overlapping parameter-estimating signals to estimate MUD-required signal parameters such as amplitude, phase, and frequency offset, thereby enabling use of lower complexity MUD receivers, because the parameters are not estimated in the presence of other interference. Node ID, spreading code type, and/or other information can also be transmitted over the parameter channels. Limiting the number of parameter channels can limit the maximum number of transmitting nodes.

Abstract: A system and method for platform independent LOS visual information transmission is disclosed. A transmitter consists of a series of sequential images that are stacked together to form frames in a video transmission. Each image is modulated spatially, by color, and by intensity. The data is transmitted over an LOS visual channel. The receiver first captures each individual image from the received video, and then demodulates each image in the three areas it was modulated spatially, by color, and by intensity. LOS visual information transmission allows for secure data transfer and reduces interference from other applications.

Abstract: What is provided is a system for maintaining acceptable error rates in a MUD-enabled ad-hoc network. In this system the power spread associated with all of the nodes is maintained within the dynamic range of the system, for instance 30 dB. Also, the signal-to-noise ratio at an intended receiver is maintained above a predetermined minimum SNR, for instance above 5 dB. If the dynamic range rule is not met, then the power at the transmitting node is attenuated such that the dynamic range rule is met, checking to see that the minimum SNR rule is also met, or the transmission from this node is pulled. If there is no power control solution, then power aware scheduling is applied. Alternatively, only power aware scheduling is utilized.

Abstract: A system and method of reducing or eliminating training for adaptive receiver and neural networks is disclosed. The adaptive filter or neural network is pre-training using simulation or empirically received data and a took-up table is created. Coefficient instantiation from the receiver for ail permutations of the key parameters of training data are stored along with the key parameters within the look-up table. After creating the look-up table, the key parameters of the signal to be decoded are estimated. The coefficient of filter or neural network for the estimated key parameters is obtained by accessing the loop-up table. The demodulated signal is produced by setting the filter or neural network coefficents to coefficient values obtained from the look-up table. For slow varying key parameters, the coefficients from the lookup table are occasionally replaced instead of implementing the adaptive filter or neural network.

Abstract: A system and method for platform independent LOS visual information transmission is disclosed. A transmitter consists of a series of sequential images that are stacked together to form frames in a video transmission. Each image is modulated spatially, by color, and by intensity. The data is transmitted over an LOS visual channel. The receiver first captures each individual image from the received video, and then demodulates each image in the three areas it was modulated spatially, by color, and by intensity. LOS visual information transmission allows for secure data transfer and reduces interference from other applications.

Abstract: A QR-RLS adaptive digital filter provides fast computation without excessive computational resources. 18-bit multipliers enhance speed, and a floating point inverse square root block adjusts dynamic range in 12-dB steps. A memory stores two P-matrix copies, one being delivered with rows shifted according to the clock speed so as to enhance pipeline processing. Embodiments reliably detect modulation schemes, demodulate strong signals by passing feedback bits between multiple stages, remove impulses due to lightening, etc, erase symbol estimates which exceed an error threshold, and add high frequency noise to avoid mathematical divergence caused by excessive S/N. A genetic method is provided for identifying asynchronous spreading codes with minimum correlations, whereby randomly selected candidates compete based on Frobenius norms of their correlations, the weakest being discarded and the process being iterated.

Abstract: What is provided is a system for maintaining acceptable error rates in a MUD-enabled ad-hoc network. In this system the power spread associated with all of the nodes is maintained within the dynamic range of the system, for instance 30 dB. Also, the signal-to-noise ratio at an intended receiver is maintained above a predetermined minimum SNR, for instance above 5 dB. If the dynamic range rule is not met, then the power at the transmitting node is attenuated such that the dynamic range rule is met, checking to see that the minimum SNR rule is also met, or the transmission from this node is pulled. If there is no power control solution, then power aware scheduling is applied. Alternatively, only power aware scheduling is utilized.

Abstract: A QR-RLS adaptive digital filter provides fast computation without excessive computational resources. 18-bit multipliers enhance speed, and a floating point inverse square root block adjusts dynamic range in 12-dB steps. A memory stores two P-matrix copies, one being delivered with rows shifted according to the clock speed so as to enhance pipeline processing. Embodiments reliably detect modulation schemes, demodulate strong signals by passing feedback bits between multiple stages, remove impulses due to lightening, etc, erase symbol estimates which exceed an error threshold, and add high frequency noise to avoid mathematical divergence caused by excessive S/N. A genetic method is provided for identifying asynchronous spreading codes with minimum correlations, whereby randomly selected candidates compete based on Frobenius norms of their correlations, the weakest being discarded and the process being iterated.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for increasing the communication capacity of a shared ad-hoc wireless channel by using multiuser detection (MUD) to distinguish overlapping information transmitted simultaneously by a plurality of nodes. The transmitting nodes simultaneously provide parameter-estimating signals over separate, unshared, low-rate parameter channels generated using orthogonal frequencies, spread spectrum technology, or time multiplexing. Receiving nodes use these separate, non-overlapping parameter-estimating signals to estimate MUD-required signal parameters such as amplitude, phase, and frequency offset, thereby enabling use of lower complexity MUD receivers, because the parameters are not estimated in the presence of other interference. Node ID, spreading code type, and/or other information can also be transmitted over the parameter channels. Limiting the number of parameter channels can limit the maximum number of transmitting nodes.