Abstract: A heated battery cell conductor includes an upper conductor having a plurality of tabs each configured for direct physical contact with a battery terminal at a top end of one of a plurality of battery cells, respectively. A lower conductor includes a plurality of tabs each configured for direct physical contact with a battery terminal at a bottom end of one of the battery cells, respectively. The upper conductor and the lower conductor each include a conductor substrate configured for conducting an electrical current, a thermally conductive and electrically isolated layer disposed on the conductor substrate, a channel formed in the thermally conductive and electrically isolated layer, and a resistive heating element disposed in the channel such that the upper conductor and the lower conductor each conduct heat to the battery cells via the resistive heating element.

Abstract: A heated battery cell holder includes an upper cell holder having a plurality of holders each configured for securing an upper portion of one of a plurality of battery cells, respectively. A lower cell holder includes a plurality of holders each configured for securing a lower portion of one of the battery cells, respectively. An upper heating element is embedded in the upper cell holder for heating the upper portion of each of the battery cells, and a lower heating element is embedded in the lower cell holder for heating the lower portion of each of the battery cells.

Abstract: A battery module system includes one or more monoblocks each having one or more cells and a ventilation chamber configured to contain gases vented by the one or more cells. The system includes a channel having an exhaust vent that is in flow communication with each of the one or more monoblocks. A seal is positioned between each ventilation chamber of the one or more monoblocks and the channel and is actuatable when a threshold is achieved in the ventilation chamber associated with the seal.

Abstract: A surface foundation utilizing negative air pressure which may have a contiguous retention wall extending between an upper rim and a waist and a contiguous suction member extending between a pull ledge and the waist. The waist may further define a planer membrane joining the retention wall and the suction member. The retention wall may be configured to frictionally engage with an object placed internal to the retention wall and the suction member may be configured to have a pressurized engagement with any surface by use of an ambient atmospheric air pressure external to the suction member and a fractional atmospheric air pressure which is less than the ambient internal to the suction member. The pressurized retention of the surface suctioning receptacle permitting single handed manipulation of objects placed internal to the retention wall.

Abstract: The three dimensional probe device of the present invention is mountable on a working end of a fully automated and articulated robotic arm movable through at least five degrees of axial freedom in a global dimensional reference. The three dimensional probe device comprises a base, a carriage, a probe, a Z axis measuring apparatus and a tilt measuring apparatus. The probe tip contacts the work piece surface to be traced with deflections in the workpiece seam or path resulting in movement of the carriage and probe. The probe includes a plate and a ball which is pivotable in a ball socket portion of the carriage. Movement of the carriage in relation to the base provides measurement data for rotational change in the direction of the workpiece path or seam. Tilting of the probe provides measurement data for translational change in the direction of the workpiece path or seam.