Abstract: Some embodiments are directed to a process for forming products from animal waste (e.g., poultry litter). The products may include a controlled release fertilizer and renewable natural gas. The process may include providing a feedstock comprising greater than about 80 percent poultry waste and a moisture content of about 25 percent. The feedstock may be diluted to form a slurry having a moisture content of about 90%. The slurry may be mechanically refined to reduce the particle size distribution and the average particle size of the slurry. The slurry may be anaerobically digested to produce biogas and a digestate. The biogas may be converted to renewable natural gas, and the digestate may be converted to a controlled release fertilizer. Additionally, some embodiments are directed to methods of reducing nitrogen emission from soil amendments. Some embodiments are directed to reducing nitrogen emissions sufficient to produce emissions offset credits.