Abstract: A method of producing lipid-encapsulated RNA nanoparticles includes flowing an aqueous solution comprising an RNA through a 1st tube having a first inner diameter (ID); the RNA comprises from about 6,000 to about 13,000 nucleotides; flowing an ethanol solution comprising lipids through a 2nd tube having a second inner diameter (ID), at a flow rate of about 0.2 to about 1 times relative to the aqueous solution through the 1st tube, the lipids comprise a cationic lipid; and mixing the ethanol solution with the aqueous solution; the first ID and second ID and flow rates through the 1st tube and 2nd tube are selected to produce a shear force sufficiently low to preserve the integrity of the RNA; the mixing produces an output solution flowing in the 1st tube comprising a turbulent flow of the RNA and the lipids in between about ethanol, the lipid-encapsulated RNA nanoparticles having a bilayer structure.

Abstract: A method of producing lipid-encapsulated RNA nanoparticles includes flowing an aqueous solution comprising an RNA through a 1st tube having a first inner diameter (ID); the RNA comprises from about 6,000 to about 13,000 nucleotides; flowing an ethanol solution comprising lipids through a 2nd tube having a second inner diameter (ID), at a flow rate of about 0.2 to about 1 times relative to the aqueous solution through the 1st tube, the lipids comprise a cationic lipid; and mixing the ethanol solution with the aqueous solution; the first ID and second ID and flow rates through the 1st tube and 2nd tube are selected to produce a shear force sufficiently low to preserve the integrity of the RNA; the mixing produces an output solution flowing in the 1st tube comprising a turbulent flow of the RNA and the lipids in between about ethanol, the lipid-encapsulated RNA nanoparticles having a bilayer structure.