Abstract: Aspects herein include monitoring devices for filtration systems. An embodiment of the monitoring device can include a first fluid conduit and a first pressure sensor, wherein the first pressure sensor is in fluid communication with the first fluid conduit. The monitoring device can also include a second fluid conduit and a second pressure sensor, wherein the second pressure sensor is in fluid communication with the second fluid conduit. The monitoring device can also include a control circuit in electronic communication with the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor. The monitoring device can also include a housing, wherein the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the control circuit are all disposed within the housing. Other embodiments are also included herein.

Abstract: A method of fabricating device quality, thin-film a-Si:H for use as semiconductor material in photovoltaic and other devices, comprising in any order; positioning a substrate in a vacuum chamber adjacent a plurality of heatable filaments with a spacing distance L between the substrate and the filaments; heating the filaments to a temperature that is high enough to obtain complete decomposition of silicohydride molecules that impinge said filaments into Si and H atomic species; providing a flow of silicohydride gas, or a mixture of silicohydride gas containing Si and H, in said vacuum chamber while maintaining a pressure P of said gas in said chamber, which, in combination with said spacing distance L, provides a P×L product in a range of 10-300 mT-cm to ensure that most of the Si atomic species react with silicohydride molecules in the gas before reaching the substrate, to thereby grow a a-Si:H film at a rate of at least 50 Å/sec.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for depositing an epitaxial layer on a crystalline substrate, comprising the steps of providing a chamber having an element capable of heating, introducing the substrate into the chamber, heating the element at a temperature sufficient to decompose a source gas, passing the source gas in contact with the element; and forming an epitaxial layer on the substrate.

Abstract: A method of producing hydrogenated amorphous silicon on a substrate by flowing a stream of safe (diluted to less than 1%) silane gas past a heated filament.